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arXiv:1312.3086 · Physical Review A

Quantum repeater with Rydberg-blocked atomic ensembles in fiber-coupled cavities

E. Brion, F. Carlier, V. M. Akulin, Klaus Mølmer

Published Apr 24, 2012• 33 citations
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Abstract

We propose and analyze a quantum repeater architecture in which Rydberg-blocked atomic ensembles inside optical cavities are linked by optical fibers. Entanglement generation, swapping, and purification are achieved through collective laser manipulations of the ensembles and photon transmission. Successful transmission and storage of entanglement are heralded by ionization events rather than by photon detection signals used in previous proposals. We demonstrate how the high charge detection efficiency allows for a shortened average entanglement generation time, and we analyze an implementation of our scheme with ensembles of Cs atoms.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.042324

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We propose and analyze a quantum repeater architecture in which Rydberg-blocked atomic ensembles inside optical cavities are linked by optical fibers. Entanglement generation, swapping, and purification are achieved through collective laser manipulations of the ensembles and photon transmission. Successful transmission and storage of entanglement are heralded by ionization events rather than by photon detection signals used in previous proposals. We demonstrate how the high charge detection efficiency allows for a shortened average entanglement generation time, and we analyze an implementation of our scheme with ensembles of Cs atoms.
Quantum repeaters promise to enable quantum networks over global distances by circumventing the exponential decrease in success probability inherent in direct photon transmission. We propose a realistic, functionally integrated quantum-repeater implementation based on single atoms in optical cavities. Entanglement is directly generated between the single-atom quantum memory and a photon at telecom wavelength. The latter is collected with high efficiency and adjustable temporal and spectral properties into a spatially well-defined cavity mode. It is heralded by a near-infrared photon emitted from a second, orthogonal cavity. Entanglement between two remote quantum memories can be generated via an optical Bell-state measurement, while we propose entanglement swapping based on a highly efficient, cavity-assisted atom-atom gate. Our quantum-repeater scheme eliminates any requirement for wavelength conversion such that only a single system is needed at each node. We investigate a particular implementation with rubidium and realistic parameters for Fabry–Perot cavities based on CO2\hbox {CO}_2CO2​ laser-machined optical fibers. We show that the scheme enables the implementation of a rather simple quantum repeater that outperforms direct entanglement generation over large distances and does not require any improvements in technology beyond the state of the art.
We propose an efficient quantum repeater architecture with mesoscopic atomic ensembles, where the Rydberg blockade is employed for deterministic local entanglement generation, entanglement swapping, and entanglement purification. Compared to a conventional atomic-ensemble-based quantum repeater, the entanglement distribution rate is improved by up to two orders of magnitude with the help of the deterministic Rydberg gate. This quantum repeater scheme is robust and fast, and thus opens up a way for practical long-distance quantum communication.
Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear optical elements can only be performed with a maximal success probability of 1/2 during the entanglement creation and entanglement swapping procedures. Meanwhile, the polarization noise during the entanglement distribution process is harmful to the entangled channel created. Here we introduce a general interface between a polarized photon and an atomic ensemble trapped in a single-sided optical cavity, and with which we propose a high-efficiency quantum repeater protocol in which the robust entanglement distribution is accomplished by the stable spatial-temporal entanglement and it can in principle create the deterministic entanglement between neighboring atomic ensembles in a heralded way as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Meanwhile, the simplified parity-check gate makes the entanglement swapping be completed with unity efficiency, other than 1/2 with linear optics. We detail the performance of our protocol with current experimental parameters and show its robustness to the imperfections, i.e., detuning and coupling variation, involved in the reflection process. These good features make it a useful building block in long distance quantum communication.
Realizing large-scale quantum networks requires the generation of high-fidelity quantum entanglement states between remote quantum nodes, a key resource for quantum communication, distributed computation and sensing applications. However, entanglement distribution between quantum network nodes is hindered by optical transmission loss and local operation errors. Here, we propose a novel quantum repeater architecture that synergistically integrates Rydberg atom quantum processors with optical cavities to overcome these challenges. Our scheme leverages cavity-mediated interactions for efficient remote entanglement generation, followed by Rydberg interaction-based entanglement purification and swapping. Numerical simulations, incorporating realistic experimental parameters, demonstrate the generation of Bell states with 99\% fidelity at rates of 1.1\,kHz between two nodes in local-area network (distance 0.1 km0.1\,\mathrm{km}0.1km), and can be extend to metropolitan-area (25 km25\,\mathrm{km}25km) or intercity (250 km\mathrm{250\,\mathrm{km}}250km, with the assitance of frequency converters) network with a rate of 0.1\,kHz. This scalable approach opens up near-term opportunities for exploring quantum network applications and investigating the advantages of distributed quantum information processing.
In the last few years there has been a lot of interest in quantum repeater protocols using only atomic ensembles and linear optics. Here we show that the local generation of high-fidelity entangled pairs of atomic excitations, in combination with the use of two-photon detections for long-distance entanglement generation, permits the implementation of a very attractive quantum repeater protocol. Such a repeater is robust with respect to phase fluctuations in the transmission channels, and at the same time achieves higher entanglement generation rates than other protocols using the same ingredients. We propose an efficient method of generating high-fidelity entangled pairs locally, based on the partial readout of the ensemble-based memories. We also discuss the experimental implementation of the proposed protocol.
Efficient quantum repeaters are needed to combat photon losses in fibers in future quantum networks. Single atom coupled with photonic cavity offers a great platform for photon-atom gate. Here I propose a quantum repeater scheme with efficient entanglement generation and entanglement swapping based on photon-atom gates. It can be implemented with various types of atomic systems and requires much less experimental complexity compared to other repeater protocols. With current available experimental techniques and reasonable improvements, high entanglement distribution rates can be achieved. A multiplexing configuration of 10 single atoms in cavities, secret key rates in order of a few Hz to 100 s Hz can be achieved for communication distance of 1000 km. This proposal paves the way for the demonstration of an efficient entanglement distribution with quantum repeaters in the near future.