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arXiv:1309.5566

Bernstein processes described by forward and backward heat equations

Mohamad Houda

Published Sep 22, 2013• 0 citations
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Abstract

We present some results on Bernstein processes which are Brownian diffusions that appear in Euclidean Quantum Mechanics: We express the distributions of these processes with the help of those of Bessel processes. We then determine two solutions of the dual equation of the heat equation with potential. This continues the calculation of Lescot for the solution with an Ornstein-Uhlenbek process .

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1309.5566

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We present some results on Bernstein processes which are Brownian diffusions that appear in Euclidean Quantum Mechanics: We express the distributions of these processes with the help of those of Bessel processes. We then determine two solutions of the dual equation of the heat equation with potential. This continues the calculation of Lescot for the solution with an Ornstein-Uhlenbek process .
Bernstein diffusions belong to a new class of time symmetric (but not time homogeneous) stochastic processes associated with the quantum dynamics of nonrelativistic particles in potentials. It is shown in which sense Feynman’s formal path integral method can be interpreted in terms of those processes, specially for the subset of Gaussian Bernstein diffusions. The familiar Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process becomes, in this framework, a particular Gaussian process in a large class of Bernstein diffusions, all associated with the same dynamics. The method is also illustrated for some Hilbert space valued Gaussian Diffusions These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
In this article we investigate the properties of Bernstein processes generated by infinite hierarchies of forward-backward systems of decoupled linear deterministic parabolic partial differential equations defined in Rd, where d is arbitrary. An important feature of those systems is that the elliptic part of the parabolic operators may be realized as an unbounded Schrödinger operator with compact resolvent in standard L2-space. The Bernstein processes we are interested in are in general non-Markovian, may be stationary or non-stationary and are generated by weighted averages of measures naturally associated with the pure point spectrum of the operator. We also introduce time-dependent trace-class operators which possess most of the attributes of density operators in Quantum Statistical Mechanics, and prove that the statistical averages of certain bounded self-adjoint observables usually evaluated by means of such operators coincide with the expectation values of suitable functions of the underlying processes. In the particular case where the given parabolic equations involve the Hamiltonian of an isotropic system of quantum harmonic oscillators, we show that one of the associated processes is identical in law with the periodic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
A new class of Gaussian (‘‘Bernstein’’) diffusion processes associated with semiclassical quantum dynamics is introduced and studied according to a new Euclidean strategy for the quantization of systems of particles in a potential (‘‘Euclidean quantum mechanics’’). All the measures known by other means, up to now, are included as particular cases of the present framework. It is shown that the theory may be regarded as a well-defined probabilistic version of Feynman’s space-time approach distinct, in particular, from the one due to Kac, and with much closer relations with classical Lagrangian dynamics. Many explicit examples are considered.
A general description of Bernstein processes, a class of diffusion processes, relevant to the probabilistic counterpart of quantum theory known as Euclidean Quantum Mechanics, is given. It is compatible with finite or infinite dimensional state spaces and singular interactions. Although the relations with statistical physics concepts (Gibbs measure, entropy,…) is stressed here, recent developments requiring Feynman’s quantum mechanical tools (action functional, path integrals, Noether’s Theorem,…) are also mentioned and suggest new research directions, especially in the geometrical structure of our approach.
Evolution equations like the heat or diffusion equation or the Schrödinger equation can be associated with stochastic processes. In this paper we study the relation between equations of the form and Lévy processes (i.e. quantum stochastic processes with independent and stationary increments) on quantum groups and braided groups. Solutions of such equations are calculated as Appell systems. Wigner distributions of these processes are defined and it is proven that they satisfy a Fokker-Planck equation.