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arXiv:1309.1713 · Physical Review A

Compact atomic gravimeter based on a pulsed and accelerated optical lattice

M. Andia, Raphaël Jannin, F. Nez, F. Biraben, Saïda Guellati-Khélifa, Pierre Cladé

Published Sep 25, 2013• 45 citations
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Abstract

We present a scheme of a compact atomic gravimeter based on atom interferometry. Atoms are maintained against gravity using a sequence of coherent accelerations performed by the Bloch oscillations technique. We demonstrate a sensitivity of $4.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ with an integration time of 4 min. Combining this method with an atomic elevator allows us to measure the local gravity at different positions in the vacuum chamber. This method can be of relevance to improve the measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant $G$.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.031605

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We present a scheme of a compact atomic gravimeter based on atom interferometry. Atoms are maintained against gravity using a sequence of coherent accelerations performed by the Bloch oscillations technique. We demonstrate a sensitivity of 4.8\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10\ensuremath−84.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}4.8\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10\ensuremath−8 with an integration time of 4 min. Combining this method with an atomic elevator allows us to measure the local gravity at different positions in the vacuum chamber. This method can be of relevance to improve the measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant GGG.
We present a local measurement of gravity combining Bloch oscillations and atom interferometry. With a falling distance of 0.8 mm, we achieve a sensitivity of $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{g}$ with an integration time of 300 s. No bias associated with the Bloch oscillations has been measured. A contrast decay with Bloch oscillations has been observed and attributed to the spatial quality of the laser beams. A simple experimental configuration has been adopted where a single retroreflected laser beam performs atom launches, stimulated Raman transitions, and Bloch oscillations. The combination of Bloch oscillations and atom interferometry can thus be accomplished with an apparatus no more complex than a standard atomic gravimeter.
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We describe two experiments where atom interferometry is applied for precision measurements of gravitational effects. In the first, we measure the Newtonian gravitational constant G using an atom interferometry gravity-gradiometer which combines a rubidium fountain, a juggling scheme for fast launch of two atomic clouds, and Raman interferometry. We show that the sensor is able to detect the gravitational field produced by source masses and G is measured with better than 10-2 accuracy. In the second experiment, using ultra-cold strontium atoms in a vertical optical lattice and observing persistent Bloch oscillations for several seconds, we measure gravity acceleration with micromet-ric spatial resolution. We discuss the prospects for the study of gravitational forces at short distances and show that unexplored regions can be investigated in the search for deviations from Newtonian gravity.
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We present measurements on Earth's gravitational acceleration (g) using an in-house developed cold atom gravimeter (CAG) in an atomic fountain geometry. In the setup, the laser cooled 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atoms are launched vertically up in the fountain geometry and Doppler sensitive two-photon Raman pulse atom interferometry is applied to detect the gravitational acceleration experienced by the atoms. Using our gravimeter setup, we have measured the local value of 'g' in our laboratory with sensitivity of 621 μμμGal for integration time of 1350 s.