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arXiv:1308.0667

An Interpolation Problem for Completely Positive Maps on Matrix Algebras: Solvability and Parametrisation

Călin-Grigore Ambrozie, Aurelian Gheondea

Published Aug 3, 2013• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present certain existence criteria and parameterisations for an interpolation problem for completely positive maps that take given matrices from a finite set into prescribed matrices. Our approach uses density matrices associated to linear functionals on *-subspaces of matrices, inspired by the Smith-Ward linear functional and Arveson's Hahn-Banach type Theorem. We perform a careful investigation on the intricate relation between the positivity of the density matrix and the positivity of the corresponding linear functional. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of solutions and a parametrisation of the set of all solutions of the interpolation problem in terms of a closed and convex set of an affine space are obtained. Other linear affine restrictions, like trace preserving, can be included as well, hence covering applications to quantum channels that yield certain quantum states at prescribed quantum states.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1308.0667

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We present certain existence criteria and parameterisations for an interpolation problem for completely positive maps that take given matrices from a finite set into prescribed matrices. Our approach uses density matrices associated to linear functionals on *-subspaces of matrices, inspired by the Smith-Ward linear functional and Arveson's Hahn-Banach type Theorem. We perform a careful investigation on the intricate relation between the positivity of the density matrix and the positivity of the corresponding linear functional. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of solutions and a parametrisation of the set of all solutions of the interpolation problem in terms of a closed and convex set of an affine space are obtained. Other linear affine restrictions, like trace preserving, can be included as well, hence covering applications to quantum channels that yield certain quantum states at prescribed quantum states.
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The most general evolution of the density matrix of a quantum system with a finite-dimensional state space is by stochastic maps which take a density matrix linearly into the set of density matrices. These dynamical stochastic maps form a linear convex set that may be viewed as supermatrices. The property of Hermiticity of density matrices renders an associated supermatrix Hermitian and hence diagonalizable. The positivity of the density matrix does not make the associated supermatrix positive though. If the map itself is positive, it is called completely positive and it has a simple parametrization. This is extended to all positive (not completely positive) maps. A general dynamical map that does not preserve the norm of the density matrices it acts on can be thought of as the contraction of a norm-preserving map of an extended system. The reconstruction of such extended dynamics is also given.
For a given set of input-output pairs of quantum states or observables, we ask the question whether there exists a physically implementable transformation that maps each of the inputs to the corresponding output. The physical maps on quantum states are trace-preserving completely positive maps, but we also consider variants of these requirements. We generalize the definition of complete positivity to linear maps defined on arbitrary subspaces, then formulate this notion as a semidefinite program, and relate it by duality to approximative extensions of this map. This gives a characterization of the maps which can be approximated arbitrarily well as the restriction of a map that is completely positive on the whole algebra, also yielding the familiar extension theorems on operator spaces. For quantum channel extensions and extensions by probabilistic operations we obtain semidefinite characterizations, and we also elucidate the special case of Abelian inputs or outputs. Finally, revisiting a theorem by Alberti and Uhlmann, we provide simpler and more widely applicable conditions for certain extension problems on qubits, and by using a semidefinite programming formulation we exhibit counterexamples to seemingly reasonable but false generalizations of the Alberti-Uhlmann theorem.
Abstract Interpolation of probability distributions can be formulated as an optimal transport problem. Positive matrix, which can be viewed as the generalization of probability distribution to higher dimension, is used in quantum theory to describe the state of a quantum system. Here, a quantum‐inspired method for the interpolation of positive matrices is proposed. Particularly, this method employs the quantum state purification of the positive matrices in an extended space. Since pure state controllability can be easily achieved using open‐loop coherent control, the continuous interpolation of positive matrices is given as a completely positive map induced by simulating the optimal control for pure state transfer. The quantum‐inspired interpolation is shape‐preserving with applications to tensor field processing.
Abstract Very recently, Karder and Petek completely described maps on density matrices (positive semidefinite matrices with unit trace) preserving certain entropy-like convex functionals of any convex combination. As a result, maps could be characterized that preserve von Neumann entropy or Schatten ppp -norm of any convex combination of quantum states (whose mathematical representatives are the density matrices). In this note we consider these latter two problems on the set of invertible density operators, in a much more general setting, on the set of positive invertible elements with unit trace in a C∗C^{\ast }C∗ -algebra.