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arXiv:1306.1709 · Physical Review A

Transfer of orbital angular momentum of light using two-component slow light

Julius Ruseckas, Viačeslav Kudriašov, Ite A. Yu, Gediminas Juzeliūnas

Published May 28, 2013• 87 citations
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Abstract

We study the manipulation of slow light with an orbital angular momentum propagating in a cloud of cold atoms. Atoms are affected by four co-propagating control laser beams in a double tripod configuration of the atomic energy levels involved, allowing us to minimize the losses at the vortex core of the control beams. In such a situation the atomic medium is transparent for a pair of co-propagating probe fields, leading to the creation of two-component (spinor) slow light. We study the interaction between the probe fields when two control beams carry optical vortices of opposite helicity. As a result, a transfer of the optical vortex takes place from the control to the probe fields without switching off and on the control beams. This feature is missing in a single tripod scheme where the optical vortex can be transferred from the control to the probe field only during either the storage or retrieval of light.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.87.053840

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We study the manipulation of slow light with an orbital angular momentum propagating in a cloud of cold atoms. Atoms are affected by four co-propagating control laser beams in a double tripod configuration of the atomic energy levels involved, allowing us to minimize the losses at the vortex core of the control beams. In such a situation the atomic medium is transparent for a pair of co-propagating probe fields, leading to the creation of two-component (spinor) slow light. We study the interaction between the probe fields when two control beams carry optical vortices of opposite helicity. As a result, a transfer of the optical vortex takes place from the control to the probe fields without switching off and on the control beams. This feature is missing in a single tripod scheme where the optical vortex can be transferred from the control to the probe field only during either the storage or retrieval of light.
We consider propagation, storing and retrieval of slow light (probe beam) in a resonant atomic medium illuminated by two control laser beams of larger intensity. The probe and two control beams act on atoms in a tripod configuration of light–matter coupling. The first control beam is allowed to have an orbital angular momentum (OAM). Application of the second vortex-free control laser ensures the adiabatic (lossless) propagation of the probe beam at the vortex core where the intensity of the first control laser goes to zero. Storing and release of the probe beam is accomplished by switching off and on the control laser beams leading to the transfer of the optical vortex from the first control beam to the regenerated probe field. A part of the stored probe beam remains frozen in the medium in the form of atomic spin excitations, the number of which increases with increasing intensity of the second control laser. We analyze such losses in the regenerated probe beam and provide conditions for the optical vortex of the control beam to be transferred efficiently to the restored probe beam.
Polariton formalism is applied for studying the propagation of a probe field of light in a cloud of cold atoms influenced by two control laser beams of larger intensity. The laser beams couple resonantly three hyperfine atomic ground states to a common excited state, thus forming a tripod configuration of the atomic energy levels involved. The first control beam can have an optical vortex, with the intensity of the beam going to zero at the vortex core. The second control beam without a vortex ensures the lossless (adiabatic) propagation of the probe beam at a vortex core of the first control laser. We investigate the storage of the probe pulse into atomic coherences by switching off the control beams and its subsequent retrieval by switching the control beams on. The optical vortex is transferred from the control to the probe fields during the storage or retrieval of the probe field. We analyze the conditions needed for the vortex to be transferred efficiently to the regenerated probe beam and discuss the possibilities of experimental implementation of the proposed scheme using atoms such as rubidium or sodium.
We study the propagation of a weak pulse of slow light in a cloud of cold atoms controlled by two additional laser beams of larger intensity in a tripod configuration of the light-matter coupling. We consider a case where one of the control beams has an optical vortex and thus has a zero intensity at the center. The presence of the second control beams restores adiabaticity in the propagation of the probe beam. This makes it possible to exchange the optical vortex between the control and probe fields during the storage. We analyze conditions for the vortex of the control beam to be transferred efficiently to the restored probe beam.
We consider propagation, storing and retrieval of slow light (probe beam) in a resonant atomic medium illuminated by two control laser beams of larger intensity.The probe and two control beams act on atoms in a tripod configuration of light-matter coupling.The first control beam is allowed to have an orbital angular momentum (OAM).Application of the second vortex-free control laser ensures the adiabatic (lossless) propagation of the probe beam at the vortex core where the intensity of the first control laser goes to zero.Storing and release of the probe beam is accomplished by switching off and on the control laser beams leading to the transfer of the optical vortex from the first control beam to the regenerated probe field.A part of the stored probe beam remains frozen in the medium in the form of atomic spin excitations, the number of which increases with increasing intensity of the second control laser.We analyze such losses in the regenerated probe beam and provide conditions for the optical vortex of the control beam to be transferred efficiently to the restored probe beam.
We propose a scheme to exchange optical vortices of slow light using the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level double-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ atom-light coupling scheme illuminated by a pair of probe fields as well as two control fields of larger intensity. We study the light-matter interaction under the situation where one control field carries an optical vortex, and another control field has no vortex. We show that the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the vortex control beam can be transferred to a generated probe field through a four-wave-mixing process and without switching on and off of the control fields. Such a mechanism of OAM transfer is much simpler than in a double-tripod scheme in which the exchange of vortices is possible only when two control fields carry optical vortices of opposite helicity. The losses appearing during such OAM exchange are then calculated. It is found that the one-photon detuning plays an important role in minimizing the losses. An approximate analytical expression is obtained for the optimal one-photon detuning for which the losses are minimum while the intensity of generated probe field is maximum. The influence of phase mismatch on the exchange of optical vortices is also investigated. We show that in presence of phase mismatch the exchange of optical vortices can still be efficient.
We consider transfer of optical vortices between laser pulses carrying orbital angular momentum in a cloud of cold atoms characterized by the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration of the atom-light coupling. The atoms are initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the lower levels, creating a so-called phaseonium medium. If a single vortex beam initially acts on one transition of the scheme, an extra laser beam is subsequently generated with the same vorticity as that of the incident vortex beam. The absorption of the incident probe beam takes place mostly at the beginning of the atomic medium within the absorption length. The losses disappear as the probe beam propagates deeper into the medium where the atoms are transferred to their dark states. The method is extended to a tripod atom-light coupling scheme and a more general (n+1n+1n+1)-level scheme containing nnn ground states and one excited state, allowing for creation of multiple twisted light beams. We also analyze generation of composite optical vortices in the scheme using a superposition of two initial vortex beams and study lossless propagation of such composite vortices.