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arXiv:1306.1109 · Applied Physics B

Mode shaping in mixed ion crystals of 40Ca2+ and 40Ca+

Thomas Feldker, Lennart Pelzer, M. Stappel, P. Bachor, R. Steinborn, D. Kolbe, J. Walz, F. Schmidt-Kaler

Published Oct 20, 2013• 10 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s00340-013-5673-1

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We present studies of mixed Coulomb crystals of 40Ca+ and 40Ca2+ ions in a linear Paul trap. Doubly charged ions are produced by photoionisation of trapped 40Ca+ with a vacuum ultraviolet laser source and sympathet-ically cooled via Doppler cooled 40Ca+ ions. We in-vestigate experimentally and theoretically the struc-tural configurations and the vibrational modes of these mixed crystals. Our results with 40Ca2+ are an impor-tant step towards experimental realization of the pro-posals for mode shaping in a linear crystal and spin-dependent configuration changes from zigzag to linear as proposed by Li et al., Phys. Rev. A 87, (2013) 052304 and Phys. Rev. Lett 108, (2012) 023003 using ions excited to Rydberg states. 1
We demonstrate a method to efficiently load a pair of 40Ca+–27Al+ ion crystals with sympathetic cooling and pulsed laser ablation, serving as a starting step for the 27Al+ clock. We achieved a technique to rapidly detect the loading of hot ions by monitoring the 2S1/2 → 2D5/2 narrow transition of 40Ca+ that couples to the shared motional modes between the two ions. The sympathetic cooling time of the 40Ca+–27Al+ ion pair is measured. Two traps are employed to compare the loading time from two directions and it was found that the loading from the axial direction takes much shorter time than loading from the radial direction of the trap. With the help of adaptively controlled trap potential, our method reduced the average loading time of a 40Ca+–27Al+ pair from 26 to 1 min. This research is an important step for increasing the uptime ratio of the 27Al+ optical clock and is useful for other mixed-species ion crystals based on sympathetic cooling.
We report on structural properties of two-component Coulomb crystals in a linear Paul trap. The crystals consist of two laser cooled ion species, 24Mg+ and 40Ca+. The lighter 24Mg+ ions form an inner cylindrical crystal structure surprisingly similar to that of an infinitely long single component crystal, while the outermost shell of the surrounding 40Ca+ ions have a spheroidal shape, which is highly insensitive to the presence of the 24Mg+ ions. Observed changes in the radial separation of the two ion species with the radius of the inner cylindrical crystal is explained by a simple model.