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arXiv:1305.6414 · New Journal of Physics

Generation of hyper-entangled photon pairs in coupled microcavities

S. Portolan, L Einkemmer, Z Vörös, Gregor Weihs, Peter Rabl

Published Jun 16, 2014• 44 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose and theoretically analyze a new scheme for generating hyperentangled photon pairs (EPPs) in a system of polaritons in coupled planar microcavities.Starting from a microscopic model, we evaluate the relevant parametric scattering processes and numerically simulate the phonon-induced noise background under continuous-wave excitation.Our results show that, compared to other polariton entanglement proposals, our scheme enables the generation of photon pairs that are entangled in both the path and polarization degrees of freedom, and simultaneously leads to a strong reduction in the photoluminescence noise background.This can significantly improve the fidelity of the EPPs under realistic experimental conditions.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/16/6/063030

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Summary form only given. Several theoretical studies have recently suggested that the scattering of microcavity polaritons can be a source of non-classical photon correlations, producing photon pairs that are entangled in either the energy (branch index) [1], or the polarization degree of freedom [2]. Even cluster states can be generated [3]. Motivated by the above-mentioned proposals for the creation of entangled photon pairs, we studied parametric polariton scattering in 2D coupled planar and ID micro-cavities grown by molecular beam epitaxy (Fig. 1, left hand side). The advantage of these structures is that the polariton branches involved in the parametric scattering are located energetically below the exciton reservoir, thus the particles are protected from excitonic losses, as shown in Fig. 1.In this paper, we are going to experimentally explore entanglement schemes similar to that in Fig. 1. These measurements are carried out using time-correlated photon counting and utilizing the flexible excitation scheme developed in our group [4]. We also compare the experimental results to numerical calculations which are based on the extension of the microscopic theory of Portolan et al. [5]. Our model allows us to optimize the samples for particular scattering schemes.
A scheme is proposed for the generation of branch-entangled pairs of microcavity polaritons through spontaneous interbranch parametric scattering. Branch entanglement is achievable when there are two twin processes, where the role of signal and idler can be exchanged between two different polariton branches. Branch entanglement of polariton pairs can lead to the emission of frequency-entangled photon pairs out of the microcavity. In planar microcavities, the necessary phase-matching conditions are fulfilled for pumping of the upper polariton branch at an arbitrary in-plane wave vector. The important role of nonlinear losses due to pair scattering into high-momentum exciton states is evaluated. The results show that the lack of protection of the pump polaritons in the upper branch is critical. In photonic wires, branch entanglement of one-dimensional polaritons is achievable when the pump excites a lower polariton sub-branch at normal incidence, providing protection from the exciton reservoir.
We show theoretically that polariton pairs with a high degree of polarization entanglement can be produced through parametric scattering. We demonstrate that it can emerge in coincidence experiments, even at low excitation densities where the dynamics is dominated by incoherent photoluminesce. Our analysis is based on a microscopic quantum statistical approach that treats coherent and incoherent processes on an equal footing, thus allowing for a quantitative assessment of the amount of entanglement under realistic experimental conditions. This result puts forward the robustness of pair correlations in solid-state devices, even when noise dominates one-body correlations.
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We show theoretically that polariton pairs with a high degree of polarization entanglement can be produced through parametric scattering. In our proposed scheme, varying the polarizations of the two pumps, we have a complete control over the symmetries of the produced state (i.e. singlet or triplet output). Our microscopic model shows how a tomographic reconstruction, based on two-time correlation functions, can provide a quantitative assessment of the level of entanglement produced under realistic experimental conditions. Our study provides a suggestive perspective towards hybrid all-optical quantum devices where quantum information can be efficiently generated and controlled within the same structure. This result puts forward the robustness of pair correlations in solid-state devices, even when noise dominates one-body correlations.
Abstract We propose polarization‐entangled photon generation via resonant hyper‐parametric scattering of a V‐type system in microcavity. Although a bare V‐type system cannot generate entangled photon pairs, microcavity makes the generation possible because of the formation of dressed states. In the strong‐coupling limit, generation of non‐entangled co‐polarized photons is considerably suppressed due to the photon blockade effect. Furthermore, some entangled photons have different frequencies from those of the input fields, and thus, we can utilize spectral filtering in order to extract entangled photons. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)