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arXiv:1305.1604 · Physical Review A

Stability and collapse of fermions in a binary dipolar boson-fermion 164 Dy- 161 Dy mixture

Sadhan K. Adhikari

Published Oct 3, 2013• 7 citations
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Abstract

We suggest a time-dependent mean-field hydrodynamic model for a binary dipolar boson-fermion mixture to study the stability and collapse of fermions in the ${}^{164}$Dy-${}^{161}$Dy mixture. The condition of stability of the dipolar mixture is illustrated in terms of phase diagrams. A collapse is induced in a disk-shaped stable binary mixture by jumping the interspecies contact interaction from repulsive to attractive by the Feshbach resonance technique. The subsequent dynamics is studied by solving the time-dependent mean-field model including three-body loss due to molecule formation in boson-fermion and boson-boson channels. Collapse and fragmentation in the fermions after subsequent explosions are illustrated. The anisotropic dipolar interaction leads to anisotropic fermionic density distribution during collapse. This study is carried out in three-dimensional space using realistic values of dipolar and contact interactions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.043603

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We suggest a time-dependent mean-field hydrodynamic model for a binary dipolar boson-fermion mixture to study the stability and collapse of fermions in the 164{}^{164}164Dy-161{}^{161}161Dy mixture. The condition of stability of the dipolar mixture is illustrated in terms of phase diagrams. A collapse is induced in a disk-shaped stable binary mixture by jumping the interspecies contact interaction from repulsive to attractive by the Feshbach resonance technique. The subsequent dynamics is studied by solving the time-dependent mean-field model including three-body loss due to molecule formation in boson-fermion and boson-boson channels. Collapse and fragmentation in the fermions after subsequent explosions are illustrated. The anisotropic dipolar interaction leads to anisotropic fermionic density distribution during collapse. This study is carried out in three-dimensional space using realistic values of dipolar and contact interactions.
We use a time-dependent dynamical hydrodynamic model to study a collapse in a degenerate fermion–fermion mixture (DFFM) of different atoms. Due to a strong Pauli-blocking repulsion among identical spin-polarized fermions at short distances, there cannot be a collapse for repulsive interspecies fermion–fermion interaction. However, there can be a collapse for a sufficiently attractive interspecies fermion–fermion interaction in a DFFM of different atoms. Using a variational analysis and numerical solution of the hydrodynamic model, we study different aspects of collapse in such a DFFM initiated by a jump in the interspecies fermion–fermion interaction (scattering length) to a large negative (attractive) value using a Feshbach resonance. Suggestion for experiments of collapse in a DFFM of distinct atoms is made.
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Abstract. Trapped degenerate dipolar Bose and Fermi gases of cylindrical symmetry with the polarization vector along the symmetry axis are only stable for the strength of dipolar interaction below a critical value. In the case of bosons, the stability of such a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is investigated for different strengths of contact and dipolar interactions using variational approximation and numerical solution of a mean-field model. In the disk shape, with the polarization vector perpendicular to the plane of the disk, the atoms experience an overall dipolar repulsion and this fact should contribute to the stability. However, a complete numerical solution of the dynamics leads to the collapse of a strongly disk-shaped dipolar BEC due to the long-range anisotropic dipolar interaction. In the case of fermions, the stability of a trapped single-component degenerate dipolar Fermi gas is studied including the Hartree-Fock exchange and Brueckner-Goldstone correlation energies in the local-density approximation valid for a large number of atoms. Estimates for the maximum allowed number of polar Bose and Fermi molecules in BEC and degenerate Fermi gas are given. PACS numbers: 03.75.Hh,03.75.Ss,03.75.Kk,05.30.Fk ar
Trapped degenerate dipolar Bose and Fermi gases of the cylindrical symmetry with the polarization vector along the symmetry axis are only stable for the strength of dipolar interaction below a critical value. In the case of bosons, the stability of such a dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is investigated for different strengths of contact and dipolar interactions using a variational approximation and a numerical solution of a mean-field model. In the disc shape, with the polarization vector perpendicular to the plane of the disc, the atoms experience an overall dipolar repulsion and this fact should contribute to the stability. However, a complete numerical solution of the dynamics leads to the collapse of a strongly disc-shaped dipolar BEC due to the long-range anisotropic dipolar interaction. In the case of fermions, the stability of a trapped single-component degenerate dipolar Fermi gas is studied including the Hartree–Fock exchange and Brueckner–Goldstone correlation energies in the local-density approximation valid for a large number of atoms. Estimates for the maximum allowed number of polar Bose and Fermi molecules in the BEC and degenerate Fermi gas are given.
We study the static properties of disk-shaped binary dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates of 168{}^{168}168Er-164{}^{164}164Dy and 52{}^{52}52Cr-164{}^{164}164Dy mixtures under the action of interspecies and intraspecies contact and dipolar interactions and demonstrate the effect of dipolar interaction using the mean-field approach. Throughout this study we use realistic values of interspecis and intraspecies dipolar interactions and the intraspecies scattering lengths and consider the interspecies scattering length as a parameter. The stability of the binary mixture is illustrated through phase plots involving a number of atoms of the species. The binary system always becomes unstable as the number of atoms increases beyond a certain limit. As the interspecies scattering length increases corresponding to more repulsion, an overlapping mixed state of the two species changes to a separated demixed configuration. During the transition from a mixed to a demixed configuration as the interspecies scattering length is increased for parameters near the stability line, the binary condensate shows special transient structures in density in the form of red-blood-cell-like biconcave and Saturn-ring-like shapes, which are direct manifestations of the dipolar interaction.
The structure of trapped binary mixtures of bosonic and fermionic atoms at zero temperature is studied using a modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the bosons which self-consistently includes the mean-field interaction generated by the fermionic cloud. The density of the fermionic component is described within the Thomas-Fermi approximation. The influence of the boson-boson and the boson-fermion s-wave interaction on the density profiles and the stability of the mixture is investigated systematically. Critical particle numbers for the mean-field collapse caused either by attractive boson-boson or by attractive boson-fermion interactions and for the onset of spatial component separation are discussed. It is shown that the interplay between the boson-boson and the boson-fermion interaction generates a rich and complex phase diagram. Finally, the specific properties and prospects of the boson-fermion mixtures available in present experiments are addressed.