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arXiv:1304.0746 · Physical Review A

Steady-state entanglement of two superconducting qubits engineered by dissipation

Florentin Reiter, Lars Tornberg, Göran Johansson, Anders Søndberg Sørensen

Published Sep 16, 2013• 79 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present a scheme for the dissipative preparation of an entangled steady state of two superconducting qubits in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) setup. Combining resonator photon loss---a dissipative process already present in the setup---with an effective two-photon microwave drive, we engineer an effective decay mechanism which prepares a maximally entangled state of the two qubits. This state is then maintained as the steady state of the driven, dissipative evolution. The performance of the dissipative state preparation protocol is studied analytically and verified numerically. In view of the experimental implementation of the presented scheme we investigate the effects of potential experimental imperfections and show that our scheme is robust to small deviations in the parameters. We find that high fidelities with the target state can be achieved both with state-of-the-art three-dimensional, as well as with the more commonly used two-dimensional transmons. The promising results of our study thus open a route for the demonstration of a highly entangled steady state in circuit QED.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.032317

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We present a dissipative scheme to generate an entangled steady-state between two superconducting transmon qutrits separately embedded in two coupled transmission line resonators in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) setup. In our scheme, the resonant qutrit-resonator interaction and photon hopping between resonators jointly induce asymmetric energy gaps in the dressed state subspaces. The coherent driving fields induce the specific dressed state transition and the dissipative processes lead to the gradual accumulation in the population of target state, combination of both drives the system into a steady-state entanglement. Numerical simulation shows that the maximally entangled state can be produced with high fidelity and strong robustness against the cavity decay and qutrit decay, and no requirements for accurate time control. The scheme is achievable with the current experimental technologies.
We propose various schemes for the dissipative preparation of a maximally entangled steady state of two atoms in an optical cavity. Harnessing the natural decay processes of cavity photon loss and spontaneous emission, we use an effective operator formalism to identify and engineer effective decay processes, which reach an entangled steady state of two atoms as the unique fixed point of the dissipative time evolution. We investigate various aspects that are crucial for the experimental implementation of our schemes in present-day and future cavity quantum electrodynamics systems and analytically derive the optimal parameters, the error scaling and the speed of convergence of our protocols. Our study shows promising performance of our schemes for existing cavity experiments and favorable scaling of fidelity and speed with respect to the cavity parameters.
Abstract We present a scheme for the dissipative preparation of an entangled steady state between two atomic qubits separately trapped in the coupled cavities. The combination of coherent driving fields and dissipative processes will drive the system into a steady state. By choosing different frequency of classical laser field, the target steady state can be generated in different ways. In our scheme, the atomic spontaneous emission and the cavity decay can be used as a prerequisite. The numerical simulation shows that the maximally entangled state with high fidelity and purity can be produced regardless of the initial state. The fidelity is insensitive to the fluctuation of the system parameters.
Abstract The optimal generation of entangled states is of significance to information processing and state engineering. Here, an efficient scheme is proposed for creating entangled states between two superconducting qubits in a circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED). The two qubits that resonantly interact with a common cavity mode of transmission‐line resonator (TLR) can be effectively coupled by the data bus of the microwave resonator. By the invariant‐based shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA), two types of maximally entangled states can be controllably induced only by adjusting the Rabi drivings. Based on the resonant drivings with constant rates, the shortcut strategy is capable of implementing faster operations when compared with the dispersive approach. The fidelities are highly robust against the decoherence effects and the instabilities of Rabi rates. Thus the proposal could offer a potential route toward the entanglement generations in an optimized manner.
We propose an efficient approach for the generation of a stable entangled state of microwave fields in circuit quantum electrodynamics. The system under consideration consists of two linearly coupled superconducting resonators, each of which is coupled to a superconducting flux qubit. By individually driving the qubits to engineer the desired interactions with the resonators, we show that the energy relaxation of qubits can be exploited to steer the two resonators into the two-mode entangled state via a dissipative dynamical process. Since our protocol is based on quantum reservoir engineering, neither specific initialization nor unitary dynamics is required. Moreover, the distinct advantage of our scheme is that the quantum state preparation is robust in relation to inhomogeneous parameters, i.e., there is no need for identical qubit-field couplings, as well as the same resonance frequencies of the resonators. These features make the present scheme pretty feasible for experimental implementation.
We propose a scheme for driving a dimer of spatially separated qubits into a maximally entangled nonequilibrium steady state. A photon-mediated retarded interaction between the qubits is realized by coupling them to two tunnel-coupled leaky cavities where each cavity is driven by a coherent microwave tone. The proposed cooling mechanism relies on striking the right balance between the unitary and driven-dissipative dynamics of the qubit subsystem. We map the dimer to an effective transverse-field isotropic XYXYXY model coupled to a nonequilibrium bath that can be suitably engineered through the choice of drive frequencies and amplitudes. We show that both singlet and triplet states can be obtained with remarkable fidelities. The proposed protocol can be implemented with a superconducting circuit architecture that was recently experimentally realized and paves the way to achieving large-scale entangled systems that are arbitrarily long lived.