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arXiv:1302.1216 · IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

Secure Communication Via an Untrusted Non-Regenerative Relay in Fading Channels

Jing Huang, Amitav Mukherjee, Arnold Lee Swindlehurst

Published Feb 15, 2013• 132 citations
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Abstract

We investigate a relay network where the source can potentially utilize an untrusted non-regenerative relay to augment its direct transmission of a confidential message to the destination. Since the relay is untrusted, it is desirable to protect the confidential data from it while simultaneously making use of it to increase the reliability of the transmission. We first examine the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the network assuming a single antenna relay, and calculate the exact SOP for three different schemes: direct transmission without using the relay, conventional non-regenerative relaying, and cooperative jamming by the destination. Subsequently, we conduct an asymptotic analysis of the SOPs to determine the optimal policies in different operating regimes. We then generalize to the multi-antenna relay case and investigate the impact of the number of relay antennas on the secrecy performance. Finally, we study a scenario where the relay has only a single RF chain which necessitates an antenna selection scheme, and we show that unlike the case where all antennas are used, under certain conditions the cooperative jamming scheme with antenna selection provides a diversity advantage for the receiver. Numerical results are presented to verify the theoretical predictions of the preferred transmission policies.

DOI
10.1109/tsp.2013.2247600

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We investigate a relay network where the source can potentially utilize an unauthenticated amplify-and-forward (AF) relay to augment its direct transmission of a confidential message to the destination. Since the relay is unauthenticated, it is desirable to protect the confidential data from it while simultaneously making use of it to increase the reliability of the transmission. We study the likelihood of achieving simultaneously secure and reliable message transmission via the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the relay network. We first characterize the SOP for three different schemes: direct transmission, conventional AF relaying, and cooperative jamming. Subsequently, an asymptotic analysis is conducted to determine the optimal policies for different power budgets and channel gains. Numerical results are presented to verify the theoretical predictions of the preferred transmission policies from a secrecy outage perspective.
In this paper, we investigate secure communication for an untrusted relay network, in which a source equipped with NS antennas communicates to M users with the help of an untrusted relay. To protect the data confidentially while concurrently relying on the untrusted relays, joint antenna and user selection scheme has been proposed with the aid of cooperative jamming. Furthermore, the impacts of both the number of antennas and the number of users on system performance are studied. Both the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) are derived in closed form, and the secrecy diversity order of the considered networks is proved to be min(NS, M/2). Compared with the traditional single antenna and single source-destination scenario, both SOP and ESR can achieve a great improvement owing to the mutual effects of antenna diversity and user diversity. In addition, numerical results are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme.
We investigate the physical layer security in non-regenerative untrusted relay networks, where the relay is a potential eavesdropper despite its cooperatively relaying the information. The current research and development of untrusted relay is often based on the assumption of perfect channel knowledge or the capability of variable-rate transmissions which is decided by instantaneous channel state information (CSI). In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in a more practical scenario, where the source does not have or trust relay's feedback and uses fixed-rate transmissions. We first calculate the exact connection outage probability (COP) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) to describe the level of reliability and security of the communication system, respectively. Then, the closed-form of reliable-and-secure probability (RSP) is derived to character the trade-off between reliability and security. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented to verify the validity of our theoretical analysis.
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In this paper, a joint relay selection and power allocation (JRP) scheme is proposed to enhance the physical layer security of a cooperative network, where a multiple antennas source communicates with a single-antenna destination in the presence of untrusted relays and passive eavesdroppers (Eves). The objective is to protect the data confidentially while concurrently relying on the untrusted relays as potential Eves to improve both the security and reliability of the network. To realize this objective, we consider cooperative jamming performed by the destination while the JRP scheme is implemented. With the aim of maximizing the instantaneous secrecy rate, we derive a new closed-form solution for the optimal power allocation and propose a simple relay selection criterion under two scenarios of non-colluding Eves (NCE) and colluding Eves (CE). For the proposed scheme, a new closed-form expression is derived for the ergodic secrecy rate (ESR) and the secrecy outage probability as security metrics, and a new closed-form expression is presented for the average symbol error rate as a reliability measure over Rayleigh fading channels. We further explicitly characterize the high signal-to-noise ratio slope and power offset of the ESR to highlight the impacts of system parameters on the ESR. In addition, we examine the diversity order of the proposed scheme to reveal the achievable secrecy performance advantage. Finally, the secrecy and reliability diversity-multiplexing tradeoff of the optimized network are provided. Numerical results highlight that the ESR performance of the proposed JRP scheme for NCE and CE cases is increased with respect to the number of untrustworthy relays.