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arXiv:1301.3634 · Physical Review A

Pulsed-squeezed-light generation in a waveguide with second-subharmonic generation and periodic corrugation

Jan Peřina

Published Jan 28, 2013• 6 citations
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Abstract

Quantum pulsed second-subharmonic generation in a planar waveguide with a small periodic corrugation at the surface is studied. Backscattering of the interacting fields on the corrugation enhances the nonlinear interaction, giving larger values of squeezing. The problem of backscattering is treated by perturbation theory, using the Fourier transform for nondispersion propagation, and by numerical approach in the general case. Optimum spectral modes for squeezed-light generation are found using the Bloch-Messiah reduction. An improvement in squeezing and increase of the numbers of generated photons are quantified for the corrugation resonating with the fundamental and second-subharmonic field. Splitting of the generated pulse by the corrugation is predicted.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.87.013833

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Quantum pulsed second-subharmonic generation in a planar waveguide with a small periodic corrugation at the surface is studied. Backscattering of the interacting fields on the corrugation enhances the nonlinear interaction, giving larger values of squeezing. The problem of backscattering is treated by perturbation theory, using the Fourier transform for nondispersion propagation, and by numerical approach in the general case. Optimum spectral modes for squeezed-light generation are found using the Bloch-Messiah reduction. An improvement in squeezing and increase of the numbers of generated photons are quantified for the corrugation resonating with the fundamental and second-subharmonic field. Splitting of the generated pulse by the corrugation is predicted.
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Quadrature-amplitude and phase squeezing are theoretically investigated in a planar waveguide geometry where the use of a linear grating fabricated on top of the waveguide reproduces a photonic bandgap structure. The introduction of a nonlinear grating, obtained with a modulation of the nonlinear susceptibility χ(2), provides an additional degree of freedom that allows, together with the linear grating, tuning of the fundamental field in a selected resonance of the transmission spectrum and, at the same time, control of the phase-matching condition between the fundamental and second-harmonic fields. The results show that quadrature-amplitude squeezing is achieved for the fundamental field, increasing the second-harmonic input intensity. The second-harmonic field is tuned in the passband of the photonic bandgap. The low nonlinear conversion efficiency, given by a suitable selection of the mismatch, gives rise to the possibility of having a fundamental field of quite the same intensity, but less noisy than at the entry.
The optical parametric process occurring in a photonic-band-gap planar waveguide is studied from the point of view of nonclassical-light generation. The nonlinearly interacting optical fields are described by the generalized superposition of coherent signals and noise using the method of operator linear corrections to a classical strong solution. Scattered backward-propagating fields are taken into account. Squeezed light as well as light with sub-Poissonian statistics can be obtained in two-mode fields under the specified conditions.
Optical parametric process occurring in a photonic-band-gap planar waveguide is studied from the point of view of nonclassical-light generation. Nonlinearly interacting optical fields are described by the generalized superposition of coherent signals and noise using the method of quantum linear corrections to a classical strong mean-field' solution. Scattered back-propagating fields are taken into account. The possibility to generate squeezed light and light with sub-Poissonian statistics in dependence on the strength of scattering, strength of nonlinear interaction, linear and nonlinear phase mismatches as well as characteristics of the states of optical fields incident on the waveguide is discussed in detail.
Summary form only given. Several experiments have been performed in optical fibers to generate photon-number squeezed pulses of light. Among these, are experiments employing a spectral filter to exploit the spectral correlations created during pulse propagation along a fiber. We recently reported the generation of photon-number squeezing in an AlGaAs waveguide as a result of multi-photon absorption and we now extend this work to show an increase in the degree of squeezing obtained with appropriate spectral filtering. Unlike much of the fiber work, which used long propagation distances, the results here are produced in a 2-mm-long semiconductor waveguide. The waveguide structure is composed of AlGaAs grown on a GaAs substrate and consisted of a l /spl mu/mm planar high-index waveguiding layer with lateral confinement provided by a surface rib. The estimated effective modal area is 6 /spl mu/m/sup 2/.
We report on the waveguide-based generation of pulsed squeezed light at 795 nm, suitable for quantum enhanced measurements with rubidium atoms. Pulsed ultraviolet second harmonic light with a power of more than 400 mW is produced using a periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguide and is injected into another PPLN waveguide to generate quadrature squeezing. We find that the phase of the second harmonic pulse is shifted within a pulse, and we attribute the shift to heating due to blue-light induced infrared absorption (BLIIRA) from a comparison between the experiment and a numerical simulation. A squeezing level of −1.5(1) dB is observed in homodyne detection when we apply a linear phase shift to the local oscillator. The experiment and simulation imply that the squeezing level can be further improved by reducing BLIIRA.