© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

Terms Privacy Legal Notice

arXiv:1301.1005

A Limitation of the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method

M. Arsenijević, J. Jeknić-Dugić, M. Dugić

Published Jan 6, 2013• 4 citations

Abstract

There is current interest in dynamical description of dif- ferent decompositions of a quantum system into subsystems. We investi- gate usefulness of the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method in this context. Particularly, we are interested in simultaneous description of dynamics of open systems pertaining to dierent system-environment splits (decompo- sitions). We find that the Nakajima-Zwanzig and related projection meth- ods are system-environment split specific, that every system-environment split requires specific projector, and that projector adapted to a split nei- ther provides information about nor commute with a projector adapted to an alternative system-environment split. Our findings refer to finite- and infinite-dimensional systems and to arbitrary kinds of system-environment splitting. These findings are a direct consequence of the recently established quantum correlations relativity. We emphasize the subtlety and delicacy re- quired of the task of simultaneously describing the dynamics of alternate system-environment splits.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1301.1005

Related papers

Nakajima-Zwanzig and Time-Convolutionless Master Equations for a One-Qubit System in a Non-Markovian Layered Environment

M. Mahdian, Hadi Mehrabpour

International Journal of Theoretical Physics•Apr 2, 2014•1 citation

Quantum Structures: A View of the Quantum World

J. Jeknić-Dugić, M. Arsenijević, M. Dugić

We offer a systematic account of decomposition of quantum systems into parts. Different decompositions (structures) are mutually linked via the proper linear canonical transformations. Different kinds of structures, as well as their relations, are considered. Emphasis is placed on mutually global and irreducible structures. Is there a privileged structure of the closed system? Is there a preferred (bipartite) structure of an open system? Are there any practical advantages of certain alternative structures of the system? Is there a simple dynamical relation for a pair of structures? The [necessarily partial] answers are rather intriguing. Relativity of quantum correlations (that include entanglement as well as the "one-way" and "two-way" discord) is carefully presented. Emphasis is placed on the "parallel occurrence of decoherence" in the quantum Brownian motion. The environment-selected preferred structure of an open composite system is presented for a pair of harmonic oscillators (or the field modes). A limitation of the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method appears as a consequence of quantum correlations relativity. Hence, describing dynamics of an alternate open-system is a delicate task. Certain interpretational issues, which include "quantum reference frames" issue, are discussed. Some recent experiments are also discussed. To this end, the option that "there are no particles" on the most fundamental physical level naturally follows. Certain open questions and prospects for further research are highlighted.

arXiv:1306.5471•Jun 23, 2013•16 citations

Correlation-Picture Approach to Open-Quantum-System Dynamics

S. Alipour, A. T. Rezakhani, A. P. Babu +3 more

By relating correlations between a quantum system and its environment to an uncorrelated description of the whole system, a new analytical technique provides a powerful tool for tracking correlations in open quantum system dynamics.

arXiv:1903.03861•Physical Review X•Nov 3, 2020•33 citations

Entanglement Relativity in the Foundations of The Open Quantum Systems Theory

M. Arsenijević, J. Jeknić-Dugić, Todorovic, D. +1 more

Realistic many-particle systems dynamically exchange particles with their environments. In classical physics, small variations in the number of constituent particles are commonly considered practically irrelevant. However, in the quantum mechanical context, such and similar structural variations are generically taxed due to the so-called Entanglement Relativity. In this paper we point out difficulties in deriving master equation for a subsystem of an alternative partition of the closed quantum system. We find that the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method cannot be straightforwardly used to solve the problem. The emerging tasks and prospects for the consistent foundations are examined.

arXiv:1412.7829•Dec 25, 2014•0 citations

Dynamics of open quantum systems initially entangled with environment: Beyond the Kraus representation

Peter Štelmachovič, Vladimír Bužek

We present a general analysis of the role of initial correlations between the open system and an environment on quantum dynamics of the open system.

arXiv:quant-ph/0108136•Physical Review A•Nov 16, 2001•173 citations

Extension of the Nakajima-Zwanzig approach to multitime correlation functions of open systems

Anton Ivanov, Heinz‐Peter Breuer

We extend the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection operator technique to the determination of multitime correlation functions of open quantum systems. The correlation functions are expressed in terms of certain multitime homogeneous and inhomogeneous memory kernels for which suitable equations of motion are derived. We show that under the condition of finite memory times, these equations can be used to determine the memory kernels by employing an exact stochastic unraveling of the full system-environment dynamics. The approach thus allows us to combine exact stochastic methods, feasible for short times, with long-time master equation simulations. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by numerical simulations of two-dimensional spectra for a donor-acceptor model, and by comparison of the results with those obtained from the reduced hierarchy equations of motion. We further show that the formalism is also applicable to the time evolution of a periodically driven two-level system initially in equilibrium with its environment.

arXiv:1702.04411•Physical Review A•Sep 11, 2015•22 citations

There is current interest in dynamical description of dif- ferent decompositions of a quantum system into subsystems. We investi- gate usefulness of the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method in this context. Particularly, we are interested in simultaneous description of dynamics of open systems pertaining to dierent system-environment splits (decompo- sitions). We find that the Nakajima-Zwanzig and related projection meth- ods are system-environment split specific, that every system-environment split requires specific projector, and that projector adapted to a split nei- ther provides information about nor commute with a projector adapted to an alternative system-environment split. Our findings refer to finite- and infinite-dimensional systems and to arbitrary kinds of system-environment splitting. These findings are a direct consequence of the recently established quantum correlations relativity. We emphasize the subtlety and delicacy re- quired of the task of simultaneously describing the dynamics of alternate system-environment splits.

We offer a systematic account of decomposition of quantum systems into parts. Different decompositions (structures) are mutually linked via the proper linear canonical transformations. Different kinds of structures, as well as their relations, are considered. Emphasis is placed on mutually global and irreducible structures. Is there a privileged structure of the closed system? Is there a preferred (bipartite) structure of an open system? Are there any practical advantages of certain alternative structures of the system? Is there a simple dynamical relation for a pair of structures? The [necessarily partial] answers are rather intriguing. Relativity of quantum correlations (that include entanglement as well as the "one-way" and "two-way" discord) is carefully presented. Emphasis is placed on the "parallel occurrence of decoherence" in the quantum Brownian motion. The environment-selected preferred structure of an open composite system is presented for a pair of harmonic oscillators (or the field modes). A limitation of the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method appears as a consequence of quantum correlations relativity. Hence, describing dynamics of an alternate open-system is a delicate task. Certain interpretational issues, which include "quantum reference frames" issue, are discussed. Some recent experiments are also discussed. To this end, the option that "there are no particles" on the most fundamental physical level naturally follows. Certain open questions and prospects for further research are highlighted.

Realistic many-particle systems dynamically exchange particles with their environments. In classical physics, small variations in the number of constituent particles are commonly considered practically irrelevant. However, in the quantum mechanical context, such and similar structural variations are generically taxed due to the so-called Entanglement Relativity. In this paper we point out difficulties in deriving master equation for a subsystem of an alternative partition of the closed quantum system. We find that the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection method cannot be straightforwardly used to solve the problem. The emerging tasks and prospects for the consistent foundations are examined.

We extend the Nakajima-Zwanzig projection operator technique to the determination of multitime correlation functions of open quantum systems. The correlation functions are expressed in terms of certain multitime homogeneous and inhomogeneous memory kernels for which suitable equations of motion are derived. We show that under the condition of finite memory times, these equations can be used to determine the memory kernels by employing an exact stochastic unraveling of the full system-environment dynamics. The approach thus allows us to combine exact stochastic methods, feasible for short times, with long-time master equation simulations. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by numerical simulations of two-dimensional spectra for a donor-acceptor model, and by comparison of the results with those obtained from the reduced hierarchy equations of motion. We further show that the formalism is also applicable to the time evolution of a periodically driven two-level system initially in equilibrium with its environment.