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arXiv:1210.8288 · The European Physical Journal D

The dynamical role of initial correlation in the exactly solvable dephasing model

Yang Gao

Published Aug 1, 2013• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2013-40158-6

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We study the bath dynamics in the dephasing model of a two-state quantum system (qubit) coupled to an environment of harmonic oscillators.This model was shown [Morozov et al., Phys.Rev. A, 2012 85, 022101] to admit the analytic solution for the qubit and environment dynamics.Using this solution, we derive the exact expression for the bath reduced density matrix in the presence of initial qubit-environment correlations.We obtain the non-equilibrium phonon distribution function and discuss in detail the time behavior of the bath energy.It is shown that only the inclusion of dynamic correlations between the qubit and the bath ensures the proper time behavior of the quantity which may be interpreted as the "environment energy".
Open quantum systems are a subject of immense interest as their understanding is crucial in the implementation of modern quantum technologies. In the study of their dynamics, the role of the initial system–environment correlations is commonly ignored. In this work, to gain insights into the role of these correlations, we solve an exactly solvable model of a single two-level system interacting with a spin environment, with the initial system state prepared by a suitable unitary operation. By solving the dynamics exactly for arbitrary system–environment coupling strength while taking into account the initial system–environment correlations, we show that the effect of the initial correlations is, in general, very significant and nontrivial. To further highlight the importance of the initial system–environment correlations, we also extend our study to investigate the dynamics of the entanglement between two two-level systems interacting with a common spin environment.
We study a model of dephasing (decoherence) in a two-state quantum system (qubit) coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. An exact analytic solution for the reduced dynamics of a two-state system in this model has been obtained previously for factorizing initial states of the combined system. We show that the model admits exact solutions for a large class of correlated initial states which are typical in the theory of quantum measurements. We derive exact expressions for the off-diagonal elements of the qubit density matrix, which hold for an arbitrary strength of coupling between the qubit and the bath. The influence of initial correlations on decoherence is considered for different bath spectral densities. Time behavior of the qubit entropy in the decoherence process is discussed.