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arXiv:1210.7339

Multipartite Quantum Eraser

R. Rossi, Souza, J. P., Leonardo A. M. Souza, Maria Carolina Nemes

Published Oct 27, 2012• 0 citations
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Abstract

We study the dynamical entanglement distribution in a multipartite system. The initial state is a maximally entangled two level atom with a single photon field. Next a sequence of atoms are sent, one at the time, and interact with the field. We show that the which way information initially stored only in the field is now distributed among the parties of the global system. We obtain the corresponding complementarity relations in analytical form. We show that this dynamics may lead to a quantum eraser phenomenon provided that measurements of the probe atoms are performed in a basis which maximizes the visibility. The process may be realized in microwave cavities with present technology.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1210.7339

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We study the dynamical entanglement distribution in a multipartite system. The initial state is a maximally entangled two level atom with a single photon field. Next a sequence of atoms are sent, one at the time, and interact with the field. We show that the which way information initially stored only in the field is now distributed among the parties of the global system. We obtain the corresponding complementarity relations in analytical form. We show that this dynamics may lead to a quantum eraser phenomenon provided that measurements of the probe atoms are performed in a basis which maximizes the visibility. The process may be realized in microwave cavities with present technology.
We propose a feasible experiment in the context of cavity QED as follows: The initial state is a maximally entangled two cavity mode (MA{M}_{A}MA​, MB{M}_{B}MB​). Next a sequence of atoms are sent, one at a time, and interact with mode MB{M}_{B}MB​. We show that the which-way information is initially stored only in MB{M}_{B}MB​ is now distributed among the parties of the global system. The results realize known complementarity relations derived in the context of arbitrary qubits. We show that this dynamics may lead to a quantum eraser phenomenon provided that measurements of the probe atoms are performed in a basis which maximizes the visibility.
A scheme for an atomic beam quantum self-eraser is presented. The proposal is based on time reversal invariance on a quantum optical Ramsey fringes experiment, where a realization of complementarity for atomic coherence can be achieved. It consists of two high finesse resonators that are pumped and probed by the same atom. This property relates quantum erasing with time reversal symmetry, allowing for a full quantum erasing of the which-way information stored in the cavity fields. The outlined scheme also prepares and observes a non-local state in the fields of the resonators: a coherent superposition between correlated states of macroscopically separated quantum systems. The proposed scheme emphasizes the role of entanglement swapping in delayed-choice experiments. Finally, we show that the quantum self-eraser violates temporal Bell inequalities and analyze the relation between this violation and the erasability of which-way information.
A quantum eraser is proposed that operates in a domain that does not have any classical counterpart. This quantum eraser utilizes the complementary aspect between entanglement and single-partite properties of composite quantum systems. Consequently, in contrast to the duality of visibility and which-path information which establish features of single quantum systems, here, properties of composite quantum systems are considered. In composite quantum systems entanglement might emerge which is of genuine quantum origin. This nonclassical correlation mutually exclude the single-partite properties of the subsystems of the composite quantum system. The single-partite properties can be describes by wave- and particle properties, i.e. the standard wave-particle duality. Remarkably, entanglement can be considered as a resource for observables that do not exist in classical physics. In a bipartite photon system, this observable is the two-particle visibility which describes the phase relations that are shared between both photons of the composite system. The complementary aspect between two-particle visibility and single-partite properties of the subsystems prevents us from the observation of single-partite properties in an entangled biphoton system. The quantum eraser erases the two-partite visibility and retrieves single-partite properties in form of single-particle visibility for both of the two photons. Thus, both observables contain phase information giving rise to interference effects. Here, complementarity is explicitly enforced by entanglement in a quantitative manner.
The possibility of performing quantum erasure using a single form of quantum erasure in an experiment is explored. This contrasts with the two possibilities for quantum erasure usually employed (e.g., whether a photon shed by an atom is eliminated or is instead just not subject to specification regarding its location in either one or the other of two micromaser cavities). Where a single form of erasure is employed, when the physical existent reaches the detection screen it should show a typical Young-type interference pattern like that found for classic two-slit gedankenexperiments in quantum mechanics where there is no manipulation of the "particle" in its travel to the double-slit. The specific form of single-form quantum erasure explored here allows for the possibility of transmitting information to locations remote from photons shed into one of a pair of micromaser cavities. The form of this information corresponds to the "dots" and "dashes" of Morse code or, in general, the binary bits of digital data. The velocity of light does not appear to be a limiting factor for the transmission of this information. The apparent possibility of faster-than-light communication depends on the separation of the measurement process that usually occurs in one step into two steps in the quantum eraser scenario employed. Usually a measurement occurs and is made available to the environment in one step. In the quantum eraser, these are two distinct steps. We have essentially a "measurement in process" after the time that a photon is shed in one of the micromaser cavities and before we definitely know into which cavity the photon has been shed by an atom passing through the cavity or before it is definitely known that the photon's location in one or the other cavity can no longer be determined. While the "measurement in process" exists, the conventional notion of time may be suspended as concerns this measurement and any other entangled existent that is affected by the measurement of the photon's location. Once it is known whether the photon is indeed in only one cavity or is instead now in the combined cavity that occupies the space formerly occupied by both cavities that were separated when the shutter was closed, the atom assumes its corresponding role in a suitable distribution when it is measured that is in line with its being entangled with the photon and the corresponding measurement result concerning the photon's location.
We investigated the dynamics of atom-field entanglement for two natural or artificial two-level atoms interacting with a one-mode quantum electromagnetic field by means of multiphoton transitions in a lossless cavity. Tavis-Cummings model is used to describe the interaction of the atoms and real microwave coplanar cavity field. We carried out the mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the system under consideration for various initial states of the atomic subsystem and an intensive coherent field of the cavity. We showed that for small multiplicities, the atoms and the field, which were initially in a pure separable state, can return to this state during the evolution. We also found that for large multiplicities the atoms and the field are in the entangled atom-field state in the process of the system evolution with the exception of the initial time instant. These results can be used in the theory of quantum networks.
We study the effects of purity on entanglement dynamics of a multipartite system in cavity QED. Three two-level atoms A, B and C are initially prepared in an entangled state and locally coupled with independent cavities a, b and c, respectively. We consider the effects of purity of atomic initial state on the entanglement evolution of both the systems of atoms and cavities. It is found that depending on the purity of atomic initial state, the entanglement of atoms (cavities) may or may not exhibit the sudden death (birth) phenomenon.