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arXiv:1210.1332 · Chinese Physics B

Multi-user quantum key distribution with collective eavesdropping detection over collective-noise channels

Wei Huang, Qiaoyan Wen, Bin Liu, Fei Gao

Published Jun 25, 2015• 11 citations
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Abstract

A multi-user quantum key distribution protocol is proposed with single particles and the collective eavesdropping detection strategy on a star network. By utilizing this protocol, any two users of the network can accomplish quantum key distribution with the help of a serving center. Due to the utilization of the collective eavesdropping detection strategy, the users of the protocol just need to have the ability of performing certain unitary operations. Furthermore, we present three fault-tolerant versions of the proposed protocol, which can combat with the errors over different collective-noise channels. The security of all the proposed protocols is guaranteed by the theorems on quantum operation discrimination.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/24/7/070308

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A multi-user quantum key distribution protocol is proposed with single particles and the collective eavesdropping detection strategy on a star network. By utilizing this protocol, any two users of the network can accomplish quantum key distribution with the help of a serving center. Due to the utilization of the collective eavesdropping detection strategy, the users of the protocol just need to have the ability of performing certain unitary operations. Furthermore, we present three fault-tolerant versions of the proposed protocol, which can combat with the errors over different collective-noise channels. The security of all the proposed protocols is guaranteed by the theorems on quantum operation discrimination.
Collective detection is an efficient eavesdropping detection strategy in which the detection is taken only once after the whole process of particle transmission. Such detection strategy not only improves the efficiencies of the protocols but also reduces the cost of realization as the users (except for center) only need to perform unitary operations in the whole communication. The unitary operations, which cannot be discriminated precisely, are of vital role in the multiparty quantum cryptographic protocols with collective detection (MQCPs-CD). However, constructing such operations is still a difficult point that exists in designing this kind of protocols. In this paper, we present a method for constructing the required operations for MQCPs-CD with different kinds of quantum states. It is a general method which is helpful for designing secure MQCPs-CD over different kinds of quantum channels. Utilizing this method, we first present two robust three-party quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols with collective detection over collective-dephasing noise channel and collective-rotation noise channel respectively. Then we also propose a robust three-party QKD protocol with collective detection which can resist all kinds of unitary collective noise. Compared with the precious MQCPs-CD, our protocols are the first ones which can not only resist channel noise, but also utilize collective detection strategy. At last, we prove the security of all the proposed protocols based on the theorems of quantum operation discrimination.
In this paper, a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, which can be immune to collective amplitude damping noise, is proposed with collective detection strategy. Then a multi-party quantum secret sharing (MQSS) protocol and a quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol are introduced as two applications of the proposed QKD protocol. Except for one participant who is responsible for preparing and measuring quantum states, the rest of the users in each of these protocols only need to perform certain unitary operations due to the utilization of collective detection. Therefore, in addition to the advantage of being secure against collective amplitude damping noise, the proposed protocols still have the advantages of higher qubit efficiency and lower cost for implementation. Moreover, the security of these protocols is guaranteed by theorems on quantum operation discrimination.
A new multi-user quantum key distribution protocol with mutual authentication is proposed on a star network. Here, two arbitrary users are able to perform key distribution with the assistance of a semi-trusted center. Bell states are used as information carriers and transmitted in a quantum channel between the center and one user. A keyed hash function is utilized to ensure the identities of three parties. Finally, the security of this protocol with respect to various kinds of attacks is discussed.
In this paper, we show that there are instances where eavesdropping causes noise reduction for a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. To witness these phenomena, we investigate a fault-tolerant six-state QKD protocol over a collective unitary noise channel. In this protocol, legitimate users send and receive two-qubit states that belong to the noiseless subspace being robust against collective unitary errors. We examine eavesdropper's intercept/resend and entangling probe attacks on this protocol. In general, the collective unitary noises lessen the probability that legitimate users share a random bit with the QKD protocol. However, we show that eavesdropping enlarges that probability in some specific scenarios although the effects of the collective unitary noise channel are strong enough. These phenomena make the legitimate users difficult to distinguish between noises and eavesdropper's malicious acts by monitoring the probability that they share the same random key.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been growing rapidly in recent years and becomes one of the hottest issues in quantum information science. During the implementation of QKD on a network, identity authentication has been one main problem. In this paper, an efficient authenticated multi-user quantum key distribution (MQKD) protocol with single particles is proposed. In this protocol, any two users on a quantum network can perform mutual authentication and share a secure session key with the assistance of a semi-honest center. Meanwhile, the particles, which are used as quantum information carriers, are not required to be stored, therefore the proposed protocol is feasible with current technology. Finally, security analysis shows that this protocol is secure in theory.
In quantum networks, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and the related protocols are distributive to ensure security for end users. Also, attack detection, analyzing security vulnerabilities and performance reduction over high traffic are more challenging which is encountered at multi-user communication end. Existing approaches does not effectually overcome the above given challenges. This research proposed a novel approaches that merges conventional quantum multiple access approaches, QKD and improved security protocols for dealing these issues. Here, a novel Resource-Efficient Quantum Key Distribution (RE-QKD) for establishing communication security among diverse nodes and adopts the conventional quantum multiple accesses. It intends to offer higher speed and scalability during the communication process. Then, security is optimized with RE-QKD that relies on Quantum Access Network to optimize the queries from various end-users. The proposed RE-QKD is proposed to provide security towards the computing attacks and preventing the eavesdropping attack. The proposed model work efficiently and gives promising outcomes with its performance metrics. The proposed RE-QKD model attains 95% detection attack, 97% communication complexity, distributive key rate of 600b/s, 99% computational overhead and 97% communication efficiency. The simulation outcomes shows the reduction in communication complexity up-to 45% and improved detection accuracy which is superior compared to prevailing approaches. The proposed model helps in scalable development and quantum network with better security.