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Magic wavelengths for optical cooling and trapping of potassium

Marianna S. Safronova, Marianna S. Safronova, Charles W. Clark

We carry out a systematic study of the static and dynamic polarizabilities of the potassium atom using a first-principles high-precision relativistic all-order method in which all single, double, and partial triple excitations of the Dirac-Fock wave functions are included to all orders of perturbation theory. Recommended values and uncertainties are provided for the relevant electric-dipole matrix elements. Polarizabilities of the $4s$, $4{p}_{j}$, $5s$, $5{p}_{j}$, and $3{d}_{j}$ states are compared with other theoretical and experimental values when possible. We identify magic wavelengths for the $4s\ensuremath{-}np$ transitions for $n=4,5$, i.e., those wavelengths for which the two levels have the same ac Stark shifts. The magic wavelengths for the $4s\ensuremath{-}5p$ transitions are of particular interest for attaining a quantum gas of potassium at high phase-space density. We find 20 such wavelengths in the technically interesting region of $1050--1130$ nm.

Physical Review AMay 6, 201329 citations

Laser cooling and trapping of potassium at magic wavelengths

Marianna S. Safronova, Marianna S. Safronova, Charles W. Clark

We carry out a systematic study of the static and dynamic polarizabilities of the potassium atom using a first-principles high-precision relativistic all-order method in which all single, double, and partial triple excitations of the Dirac-Fock wave functions are included to all orders of perturbation theory. Recommended values are provided for a large number of electric-dipole matrix elements. Static polarizabilities of the 4s, 4p_j, 5s, 5p_j, and 3d_j states are compared with other theory and experiment where available. We use the results of the polarizability calculations to identify magic wavelengths for the 4s-np transitions for $n = 4, 5$, i.e. those wavelengths for which the two levels have the same ac Stark shifts. These facilitate state-insensitive optical cooling and trapping. The magic wavelengths for the $4s-5p$ transitions are of particular interest for attaining a quantum gas of potassium at high phase-space density. We find 20 such wavelengths in the technically interest region of 1050-1130 nm. Uncertainties of all recommended values are estimated.

arXiv:1301.3181Jan 14, 20130 citations

Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations of the polarizabilities of atomic thallium

Yong-Bo Tang, Ningning Gao, Bing-Qiong Lou +1 more

Using the relativistic coupled-cluster method, we calculate the static dipole polarizabilities of the $6p$, $7s$, $7p$, $8s$, $8p$, and $6d$ states and the dynamic dipole polarizabilities of the $6p$ and $7s$ states of the thallium atom. The trivalent thallium atom is computationally treated as a monovalent system, together with all linear and nonlinear terms of single- and double-cluster operators included in the correlation calculations. We observe that the dominating contributions to the static scalar polarizabilities of the $7{s}_{1/2}$, $7{p}_{1/2}$, $8{p}_{1/2}$, and $8{p}_{3/2}$ states are from one or two specific transitions. The matrix elements of these specific transitions can be determined by combining the experimental values of relevant static scalar polarizabilities. A number of magic wavelengths for the $6{p}_{1/2}$--$7s$ and $6{p}_{3/2}$--$7s$ transitions in the range of 488--1300 nm and the longest tune-out wavelength of the ground state are determined. These magic wavelengths and tune-out wavelength may be useful for further thallium experiments. Experimental measurements of the magic wavelengths near 1245 nm would give estimates of the $7{s}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{1/2}$ and $7{s}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{3/2}$ transition matrix elements and their ratio. Furthermore, lifetimes of many excited states, as well as the Stark-induced scalar and vector dipole polarizabilities for the $6{p}_{1/2}$--$7{p}_{1/2}$ transition, are also evaluated and compared with available theoretical and experimental values.

Physical Review ADec 14, 201810 citations

Determination of static dipole polarizabilities of Yb atom

Zhi-Ming Tang, Yanmei Yu, Chenzhong Dong

We determine the static values of the scalar and tensor dipole polarizabilities of the ground, 6s6p 3 P 0 o , and 6s6p 3 P 1 o states of the Yb atom. These results can be useful in many experiments undertaken using this atom. We employed a combined configuration interaction (CI) method and a second-order many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) to evaluate energies and electric dipole (E1) matrix elements of many low-lying excited states of the above atom. These values are compared with the other available theoretical calculations and experimental values. By combining these E1 matrix elements with the experimental excitation energies, we estimate the dominant valence correlation contributions to the dipole polarizabilities of the above states. The core contribution is obtained from the finite field approach. We also compare these values with the other theoretical results as there are no precise experimental values that are available for these properties.

Chinese Physics BJun 1, 20188 citations

Magic-zero and magic wavelengths of the Ca atom

Ru-Kui Zhang, Jun Jiang, Chenzhong Dong +1 more

The relativistic configuration interaction plus many-body perturbation (RCI $+$ MBPT) method is utilized to calculate the wave functions, energy levels, and reduced $E1$ transition matrix elements of Ca atoms in detail. The static and dynamic polarizabilities of the $4{s}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}S_{0}, 4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}P_{1}$, and $4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{0,1,2}$ states are determined by the sum-over-states method. A number of magic-zero wavelengths for the ground and $4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{0}$ states, as well as magic wavelengths for the $4{s}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{0}$ and $4{s}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{1}$ transitions, are obtained. We suggest that the measurements of the magic-zero wavelengths of the $4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{0}$ states can be used to determine oscillator strengths with high precision. In addition, the angle-dependent magic wavelengths of each magnetic sublevel transition of the $4{s}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4s4p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P_{1}$ transition are provided, which are of particular interest for optical frequency measurements, Bose-Einstein condensate generation, and superradiant laser technology.

Physical Review AJul 7, 20237 citations

Analysis of polarizability measurements made with atom interferometry

Maxwell D. Gregoire, Nathan J. Brooks, Raisa Trubko +1 more

We present revised measurements of the static electric dipole polarizabilities of K, Rb, and Cs based on atom interferometer experiments presented in [Phys. Rev. A 2015, 92, 052513] but now re-analyzed with new calibrations for the magnitude and geometry of the applied electric field gradient. The resulting polarizability values did not change, but the uncertainties were significantly reduced. Then we interpret several measurements of alkali metal atomic polarizabilities in terms of atomic oscillator strengths $f_{ik}$, Einstein coefficients $A_{ik}$, state lifetimes $τ_{k}$, transition dipole matrix elements $D_{ik}$, line strengths $S_{ik}$, and van der Waals $C_6$ coefficients. Finally, we combine atom interferometer measurements of polarizabilities with independent measurements of lifetimes and $C_6$ values in order to quantify the residual contribution to polarizability due to all atomic transitions other than the principal $ns$-$np_J$ transitions for alkali metal atoms.

arXiv:1606.01963Jun 6, 20160 citations

Transition properties of a potassium atom

Abstract

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Transition properties of a potassium atom

Abstract

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