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arXiv:1206.4501 · Physical Review E

Stripe-tetragonal phase transition in the two-dimensional Ising model with dipole interactions: Partition function zeros approach

Jacyana Saraiva Marthes Fonseca, L. G. Rizzi, Nelson A. Alves

Published Jul 5, 2012• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We have performed multicanonical simulations to study the critical behavior of the two-dimensional Ising model with dipole interactions. This study concerns the thermodynamic phase transitions in the range of the interaction δ where the phase characterized by striped configurations of width h = 1 is observed. Controversial results obtained from local update algorithms have been reported for this region, including the claimed existence of a second-order phase transition line that becomes first order above a tricritical point located somewhere between δ = 0.85 and 1. Our analysis relies on the complex partition function zeros obtained with high statistics from multicanonical simulations. Finite size scaling relations for the leading partition function zeros yield critical exponents ν that are clearly consistent with a single second-order phase transition line, thus excluding such a tricritical point in that region of the phase diagram. This conclusion is further supported by analysis of the specific heat and susceptibility of the orientational order parameter.

DOI
10.1103/physreve.86.011103

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We have performed multicanonical simulations to study the critical behavior of the two-dimensional Ising model with dipole interactions. This study concerns the thermodynamic phase transitions in the range of the interaction δ where the phase characterized by striped configurations of width h = 1 is observed. Controversial results obtained from local update algorithms have been reported for this region, including the claimed existence of a second-order phase transition line that becomes first order above a tricritical point located somewhere between δ = 0.85 and 1. Our analysis relies on the complex partition function zeros obtained with high statistics from multicanonical simulations. Finite size scaling relations for the leading partition function zeros yield critical exponents ν that are clearly consistent with a single second-order phase transition line, thus excluding such a tricritical point in that region of the phase diagram. This conclusion is further supported by analysis of the specific heat and susceptibility of the orientational order parameter.
The ferromagnetic Ising model with antiferromagnetic dipole interactions is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations, focusing on the characterization of the phase transitions between the tetragonal liquid and stripe of width h phases. The dynamic evolution of the physical observables is analyzed within the short-time regime for 0.5≤δ≤1.3, where δ is the ratio between the short-range exchange and the long-range dipole interaction constants. The obtained results for the interval 0.5≤δ≤1.2 indicate that the phase transition line between the h=1 stripe and tetragonal liquid phases is continuous. This finding contributes to clarifying the controversy about the order of this transition. This controversy arises from the difficulties introduced in the simulations due to the presence of long-range dipole interactions, such as an important increase in the simulation times that limits the system size used, strong finite size effects, as well as to the existence of multiple metastable states at low temperatures. The study of the short-time dynamics of the model allows us to avoid these hindrances. Moreover, due to the fact that the finite-size effects do not significantly affect the power-law behavior exhibited in the observables within the short-time regime, the results could be attributed to those corresponding to the thermodynamic limit. As a consequence of this, a careful characterization of the critical behavior for the whole transition line is performed by giving the complete set of critical exponents.
In this work, the phase diagram of the ferromagnetic Ising model with dipole interactions is revisited with the aim of determining the nature of the phase transition between stripe-ordered phases with width nnn (hn)({h}_{n})(hn​) and tetragonal liquid (TL) phases. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are performed in order to study the short-time dynamic behavior of the observables for selected values of the ratio between the ferromagnetic exchange and dipolar constants $\ensuremath{\delta}$. The obtained results indicate that the h1{h}_{1}h1​-TL phase transition line is continuous up to $\ensuremath{\delta}=1.2585$, while for the h2{h}_{2}h2​-TL line a weak first-order character is found in the interval $1.2585\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\le}1.36$ and becomes continuous for $1.37\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\le}1.9$. This result suggests the existence of a tricritical point close to $\ensuremath{\delta}=1.37$. When it is appropriate, the complete set of critical exponents is obtained, and in all the studied cases they depend on $\ensuremath{\delta}$ but do not belong to the Ising universality class. Furthermore, short-time dynamic studies reveal that at the point where the mentioned lines meet the ${h}_{1}\ensuremath{-}{h}_{2}$ line, i.e., at $\ensuremath{\delta}=1.2585$, the critical phase corresponding to the ${h}_{1}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{TL}$ transition coexists with the h2{h}_{2}h2​ phase.
Due to intrinsic frustrations of interaction, the 2d Ising model with competing ferromagnetic short-range nearest-neighbour and antiferromagnetic long-range dipole interactions possesses a rich phase diagram. The order of the phase transition from the striped h = 1 phase to the tetragonal phase that is observed in this model has been a subject of recent controversy. We address this question by using the partition function density analysis in the complex temperature plane. Our results support the second-order phase transition scenario. To measure the strength of the phase transition, we calculate the values of specific heat critical exponent a. Along with the space dimension, it appears to depend on the ratio of strengths of the short-range and long-range interactions.
We investigate the critical behavior of the two-dimensional spin-1 Baxter-Wu model in the presence of a crystal-field coupling Δ with the goal of determining the universality class of transitions along the second-order part of the transition line as one approaches the putative location of the multicritical point. We employ extensive Monte Carlo simulations using two different methodologies: (i) a study of the zeros of the energy probability distribution, closely related to the Fisher zeros of the partition function, and (ii) the well-established multicanonical approach employed to study the probability distribution of the crystal-field energy. A detailed finite-size scaling analysis in the regime of second-order phase transitions in the (Δ,T) phase diagram supports previous claims that the transition belongs to the universality class of the four-state Potts model. For positive values of Δ, we observe the presence of strong finite-size effects, indicative of crossover effects due to the proximity of the first-order part of the transition line. Finally, we demonstrate how a combination of cluster and heat-bath updates allows one to equilibrate larger systems, and we demonstrate the potential of this approach for resolving the ambiguities observed in the regime of Δ≳0.
The density of states for the three-dimensional Ising model is calculated with high precision by means of multicanonical simulations. This allows us to estimate the leading partition function zeros for lattice sizes up to L = 32. We have evaluated the critical exponent ν and the correction to scaling through an analysis of a multi-parameter fit and of the Bulirsch-Stoer (BST) extrapolation algorithm. The performance of the BST algorithm is also explored in case of the 2D Ising model, where the exact partition function zeros are known.
By using extensive tensor network calculations, we map out the phase diagram of the frustrated J_{1}-J_{2} Ising model on the square lattice. In particular, we focus on the cases with controversy in the phase diagram, especially the stripe transition in the regime g=|J_{2}/J_{1}|>1/2 (J_{2}>0,J_{1}<0). While recent studies claimed that the phase transition is of first order when 1/2<g<g^{*} (with the smallest g^{*} being 0.67), our simulations suggest that if there is such a first-order region, it is smaller than those found in earlier studies by other methods. Combining with the analysis of critical properties, we provide evidence that the classical J_{1}-J_{2} model evolves continuously from two decoupled Ising models (g→∞ with central charge c=1) to a point belonging to the tricritical Ising universality class (with c=0.7) as g decreases to g^{*}≃0.54.