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arXiv:1205.5381 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Collision-induced stimulated photon echo at the transition 0–1

Решетов Владимир Александрович, Е. Н. Попов

Published Oct 24, 2012• 5 citations
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Abstract

The stimulated photon echo formed by the sequence of three laser excitation pulses in gaseous medium on the transition with the angular momentum change 0-1 is considered with an account of elastic depolarizing collisions. The polarization properties of this echo may be potentially interesting for the purposes of data processing. It is shown, that with the polarization of the first pulse orthogonal to that of the second and third pulses the appearance of the echo signal will be entirely determined by the action of collisions. The existence of this echo is determined by the difference in the alignment and the orientation relaxation rates of the excited level.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/45/22/225502

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The stimulated photon echo formed by the sequence of three laser excitation pulses in gaseous medium on the transition with the angular momentum change 0-1 is considered with an account of elastic depolarizing collisions. The polarization properties of this echo may be potentially interesting for the purposes of data processing. It is shown, that with the polarization of the first pulse orthogonal to that of the second and third pulses the appearance of the echo signal will be entirely determined by the action of collisions. The existence of this echo is determined by the difference in the alignment and the orientation relaxation rates of the excited level.
Abstract Collision-induced stimulated photon echoes formed in a gaseous medium on the transition with the angular momentum change J a = 0 → J b = 1 under the action of ‘strong’ longitudinal magnetic field, when the echo pulse becomes unpolarized, are considered with an account of elastic depolarizing collisions. In the case of narrow spectral line the explicit expressions for the echo polarization density matrix and the degree of polarization are obtained. In the case of broad spectral line the results of the numeric calculations reproduce qualitatively the curve obtained in the experiments with ytterbium vapor.
Polarization stimulated photon echo technique is applied to measure the difference between relaxation rates of alignment and orientation of the level 3P1 (6s6p) of 174Yb. At the transition 1S0 (6s2) - 3P1 (6s6p) 174Yb (of type 0 ↔ 1) a collision induced echo is revealed, which is generated by two pulses of linear and mutually orthogonal polarizations. Photon echo arises exclusively due to collisions between atoms of ytterbium and buffer gases; its power depends non-monotonously on the buffer pressure, and the echo polarizations coincides with the polarization of the first exciting pulse of radiation.
The action of the longitudinal magnetic field on the collision-induced stimulated photon echo formed on the transition with the angular momentum change is studied theoretically. It is shown that this action depends essentially on the sign of the difference in the orientation and alignment relaxation rates of the excited level b. If , then the echo intensity in a weak magnetic field increases with the increase in the magnetic field strength, while in the alternative case it decreases up to zero value. The formulae enabling the determination of the magnitude of the difference from the experimental study of the oscillations of the echo intensity with the increase in the magnetic field strength are obtained.
Among various photon echo phenomena which have been predicted and observed in vapours [1], stimulated photon echo (three pulse echo) is a very attractive tool to investigate angular dependence of collisional processes. Already applied to the study of small angle elastic scattering [2] this method may also prove adequate for studying quasi-resonant inelastic processes involving excited species such as depolarizing collisions, collisional transitions between hyperfine, fine or rotational sublevels, energy pooling collisions. For all these processes total cross sections have already been obtained in the past by different experimental ways. However they deserve to be reexamined in the perspective of their angular dependence.
Isotropic depolarizing collisions are studied using a stimulated photon echo with a specific polarization of the excitation radiation pulses in a mixture of ytterbium with krypton for the J = 1 ⇄ J = 0 transition of 174Yb. The difference between the relaxation rates of orientation and alignment γ (2) − γ (1) of the 3 P 1(6s6p) 174Yb level is measured as a function of the krypton pressure. The collision photon echo at the J = 1 ⇄ J = 0 transition induced by the anisotropic relaxation is studied for the Yb + Xe mixture. The power of the collision echo increases from zero with the addition of a buffer gas to ytterbium, reaches an optimal level, and decreases with an increase in the buffer gas pressure. The polarization of this collision-induced echo differs from the polarization of the conventional echo. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions.