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arXiv:1203.1629 · Nature Physics

Quantum discord as resource for remote state preparation

Borivoje Dakić, Yannick Ole Lipp, Xiao‐Song Ma, Martin Ringbauer, Sebastian Kropatschek, Stefanie Barz, Tomasz Paterek, Vlatko Vedral, Anton Zeilinger, Časlav Brukner, Philip John Walther

Published Aug 3, 2012• 462 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/nphys2377

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When Alice and Bob share two pairs of quantum correlated states, Alice can remotely prepare quantum entanglement and quantum discord in Bob’s side by measuring the parts in her side and telling Bob the measurement results by classical communication. For remote entanglement preparation, entanglement is necessary . We find that for some shared resources having the same amount of entanglement, when Bell measurement is used, the entanglement remotely prepared can be different, and more discord in the resources actually decreases the entanglement prepared. We also find that for some resources with more entanglement, the entanglement remotely prepared may be less. Therefore, we conclude that entanglement is a necessary resource but may not be the only resource responsible for the entanglement remotely prepared, and discord does not likely to assist this process. Also, for the preparation of discord, we find that some states with no entanglement could outperform entangled states.
Remote state preparation (RSP) enables a sender to remotely prepare the quantum state of a receiver without sending the state itself. Recently, it has been recognized that quantum discord is a necessary resource for RSP. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate whether RSP can outperform dynamic classical remote state preparation processes. We show that such classical processes can describe certain RSPs powered by quantum discord. Rather, we argue that a new kind of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering for dynamical processes, called quantum process steering, is the resource required for performing nonclassical RSP. We show how to measure quantum process steering by experimentally realizing nonclassical RSP of photonic quantum systems. Moreover, we demonstrate the transition from classical to quantum RSP. Our results also have applications in realizing genuine quantum RSP for quantum-enabled engineering.
The role played by quantum discord in mixed-state computation is widely debated since, in spite of evidence of its importance in creating quantum advantages, even in the absence of entanglement, there are not direct proofs of its necessity in these computational tasks. Recently, the presence of discord was shown to be necessary and sufficient for remote state preparation for a broad class of quantum channels [Daki\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{} et al., Nat. Phys. 8, 666 (2012)]. Here, we show that this property is not universal. There are states whose discord cannot be considered as a quantum resource since it has been produced locally that are useful for remote state preparation, and there are bona fide discordant states that are of no help.