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arXiv:1110.4467 · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Magnetic properties of the spinS= 1/2 Heisenberg chain with hexamer modulation of exchange

M Shahri Naseri, G I Japaridze, S. Mahdavifar, S Farjami Shayesteh

Published Feb 21, 2012• 7 citations
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Abstract

We consider the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with alternating spin exchange in the presence of additional modulation of exchange on odd bonds with period 3. We study the ground state magnetic phase diagram of this hexamer spin chain in the limit of very strong antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange on odd bonds using the numerical Lanczos method and bosonization approach. In the limit of strong magnetic field commensurate with the dominating AF exchange, the model is mapped onto an effective XXZ Heisenberg chain in the presence of uniform and spatially modulated fields, which is studied using the standard continuum-limit bosonization approach. In the absence of additional hexamer modulation, the model undergoes a quantum phase transition from a gapped phase into the only one gapless Lüttinger liquid (LL) phase by increasing the magnetic field. In the presence of hexamer modulation, two new gapped phases are identified in the ground state at magnetization equal to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the saturation value. These phases reveal themselves also in the magnetization curve as plateaus at corresponding values of magnetization. As a result, the magnetic phase diagram of the hexamer chain shows seven different quantum phases, four gapped and three gapless, and the system is characterized by six critical fields which mark quantum phase transitions between the ordered gapped and the LL gapless phases.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/24/11/116002

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We consider the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with alternating spin exchange in the presence of additional modulation of exchange on odd bonds with period 3. We study the ground state magnetic phase diagram of this hexamer spin chain in the limit of very strong antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange on odd bonds using the numerical Lanczos method and bosonization approach. In the limit of strong magnetic field commensurate with the dominating AF exchange, the model is mapped onto an effective XXZ Heisenberg chain in the presence of uniform and spatially modulated fields, which is studied using the standard continuum-limit bosonization approach. In the absence of additional hexamer modulation, the model undergoes a quantum phase transition from a gapped phase into the only one gapless Lüttinger liquid (LL) phase by increasing the magnetic field. In the presence of hexamer modulation, two new gapped phases are identified in the ground state at magnetization equal to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of the saturation value. These phases reveal themselves also in the magnetization curve as plateaus at corresponding values of magnetization. As a result, the magnetic phase diagram of the hexamer chain shows seven different quantum phases, four gapped and three gapless, and the system is characterized by six critical fields which mark quantum phase transitions between the ordered gapped and the LL gapless phases.
We consider the ground-state phase diagram of a one-dimensional spin-1/2 XXZ chain with a spatially modulated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the presence of an alternating magnetic field applied along the z[over ̂] axis. The model is studied using the continuum-limit bosonization approach and the finite system exact numerical technique. In the absence of a magnetic field, the ground-state phase diagram of the model includes, besides the ferromagnetic and gapless Luttinger-liquid phases, two gapped phases: the composite (C1) phase characterized by the coexistence of long-range-ordered (LRO) alternating dimerization and spin chirality patterns, and the composite (C2) phase characterized by, in addition to the coexisting spin dimerization and alternating chirality patterns, the presence of LRO antiferromagnetic order. In the case of mentioned composite gapped phases, and in the case of a uniform magnetic field, the commensurate-incommensurate type quantum phase transitions from a gapful phase into a gapless phase have been identified and described using the bosonization treatment and finite chain exact diagonalization studies. The upper critical magnetic field corresponding to the transition into a fully polarized state has been also determined. It has been shown that the very presence of a staggered component of the magnetic field vapes the composite (C1) in favor of the composite gapped (C2) phase.
The effects of a magnetic field (h) and a space modulation (δ) on the magnetic properties of a one-dimensional antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1/2 model have been studied by means of numerical exact diagonalization of finite size systems, the nonlinear σ model, and a bosonization approach. The space modulation is considered on the antiferromagnetic couplings. At δ = 0, the model is mapped to a gapless Lüttinger liquid phase by increasing the magnetic field. However, the space modulation induces a new gap in the spectrum of the system and the system experiences different quantum phases which are separated by four critical fields. By opening the new gap, a magnetization plateau appears at ½M(sat). The effects of the space modulation are reflected in the emergence of a plateau in other physical functions such as the F-dimer and the bond-dimer order parameters, and the pair-wise entanglement.
The spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg branched chain composed of regularly alternating Ising spins and Heisenberg dimers involving an additional side branching is rigorously solved in a magnetic field by the transfer-matrix approach. The ground-state phase diagram, the magnetization process and the concurrence measuring a degree of bipartite entanglement within the Heisenberg dimers are examined in detail. Three different ground states were found depending on a mutual interplay between the magnetic field and two different coupling constants: the modulated quantum antiferromagnetic phase, the quantum ferrimagnetic phase, and the classical ferromagnetic phase. Two former quantum ground states are manifested in zero-temperature magnetization curves as intermediate plateaus at zero and one-half of the saturation magnetization, whereas the one-half plateau disappears at a triple point induced by a strong-enough ferromagnetic Ising coupling. The ground-state phase diagram and zero-temperature magnetization curves of the analogous spin-1/2 Heisenberg branched chain were investigated using density-matrix renormalization group calculations. The latter fully quantum Heisenberg model involves, besides two gapful phases manifested as zero and one-half magnetization plateaus, gapless quantum spin-liquid phase. The intermediate one-half plateau of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg branched chain vanishes at Kosterlitz-Thouless quantum critical point between gapful and gapless quantum ground states unlike the triple point of the spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg branched chain.
The effects of a magnetic field (h) and a space modu-lation (δ) on the magnetic properties of a one dimensional antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1/2 model have been studied by means of numerical exact diagonal-ization of finite size systems, nonlinear sigma model and bosonization approach. The space modulation is considered on the antiferromagnetic couplings. At δ = 0, the model is mapped to a gapless Lüttinger liquid phase by increasing the magnetic field. However, the space modulation induces a new gap in the spectrum of the system and the system ex-periences different quantum phases which are separated by four critical fields. By opening the new gap a magnetization plateau appears at 12Msat. The effects of the space modu-lation are reflected in the emergence of a plateau in other physical functions such as the F-dimer and the bond dimer order parameters, and the pair-wise entanglement. PACS numbers: 75.10.Jm, 75.10.Pq ‡ The authors have the same contributions in the work. ar
We study the phase diagram of the spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg chain in a staggered magnetic field. An exact solution is obtained along the phase boundary, where the exchange anisotropy and the staggered-field strength satisfy an exact analytical relation, yielding a highly degenerate manifold of ground states with off-diagonal long-range order. We demonstrate that these exact ground states lie on the boundary between the ferromagnetic phase and a gapless Luttinger liquid phase. Upon further decreasing the anisotropy, the gapless phase eventually gives way to a gapped quantum-disordered phase. Large-scale density-matrix renormalization group calculations confirm this phase structure and indicate that the transition across the exact boundary is of first order. Our results provide an exact benchmark for understanding quantum phase transitions driven by staggered magnetic fields in one-dimensional quantum spin systems.
The magnetization plateau of the S = 1/2 frustrated Heisenberg chain with period 3 parity invariant exchange modulation is investigated by the bosonization and numerical exact diagonalization method. The ground state phase diagram at 1/3 of the saturated magnetization is obtained. Among three degenerate ↑↑↓-type plateau states in the uniform chain, two of them (↓↑↑↓↑↑⋅⋅⋅ and ↑↓↑↑↓↑⋅⋅⋅) turned out to be robust against the period 3 exchange modulation which favors the phase up to a critical value of the modulation amplitude ( = singlet dimer) resulting in the Z2 symmetry broken phase. Another ↑↑↓-type state with ↑↑↓↑↑↓⋅⋅⋅ configuration is stabilized for period 3 modulation with opposite sign. The transition between the -phase and Z2-broken phase is the Ising transition and that between the ↑↑↓↑↑↓⋅⋅⋅ -phase and Z2 broken phase is the first order transition. The spin configuration in each phase is numerically verified by applying the local symmetry breaking field.