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arXiv:1110.4092 · The European Physical Journal B

Exotic pairing structures in population-imbalanced fermionic systems: dynamics as a probe

Raka Dasgupta, Jayanta K. Bhattacharjee

Published Feb 1, 2021• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00048-4

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We investigate a population-imbalanced two-species fermionic system where the resonantly-paired fermions combine to form bosonic molecules via Feshbach interaction. The natural dynamics of the system is studied and it is shown that the oscillation of the condensate fraction is periodic or quasi periodic, depending on the value of Feshbach coupling. We describe how a time dependent magnetic field can be used to study the natural frequencies and thus explore the momentum space structure of the population imbalanced system.
In this paper, we have reviewed a range of theoretical works on collective oscillations in two-component ultracold quantum gases. It is shown that in two-component systems, two key collective modes are generated: a density mode and a spin mode. Using different prototypes of cold bosonic systems as examples, it is shown how these modes at certain parameter values can get converted into Goldstone modes: indicating criticality. Additionally, emergence of roton modes (and roton softening, too) is discussed in the context of two component boson-boson and boson-fermion mixtures, with a particular focus on striped phases. In the fermionic front, it is demonstrated that two-species systems lead to population-imbalanced exotic phases like FFLO and breached pair; and the collective excitations carry very important information about those structures: like the amount of imbalance present, exact pairing structure, etc. Since it is often difficult to resolve such structures in direct experiments, a study of the collective oscillations can prove to be very useful as indirect probes.
A growing expertise to engineer, manipulate, and probe different cold-atom analogs of electronic condensed-matter systems allows to probe properties of exotic pairing. We study paired states of spin-imbalanced ultracold atomic system of fermions with attractive short-range interactions in one-dimensional traps. Calculations are done using the Bethe ansatz technique, and the trap is incorporated into the solution via a local-density approximation. The thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations are solved numerically and different local-density profiles are calculated for zero and finite temperatures. A procedure to identify the homogeneous-system phase diagram using local-density profiles in the trap is also proposed. Such scheme would be immediately useful for the experiments.