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arXiv:1110.1952 · Physical Review A

Quantum Zeno control of coherent dissociation

Christine Khripkov, Amichay Vardi

Published Aug 25, 2011• 10 citations
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Abstract

We study the effect of dephasing on the coherent dissociation dynamics of an atom-molecule Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that when phase-noise intensity is strong with respect to the inverse correlation time of the stimulated process, dissociation is suppressed via a Bose enhanced quantum Zeno effect. This is complementary to the quantum Zeno control of phase-diffusion in a bimodal condensate by symmetric noise [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 220403 (2008)] in that the controlled process here is phase formation and the required decoherence mechanism for its suppression is purely phase noise.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.021606

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We study the effect of dephasing on the coherent dissociation dynamics of an atom-molecule Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that when phase-noise intensity is strong with respect to the inverse correlation time of the stimulated process, dissociation is suppressed via a Bose enhanced quantum Zeno effect. This is complementary to the quantum Zeno control of phase-diffusion in a bimodal condensate by symmetric noise [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 220403 (2008)] in that the controlled process here is phase formation and the required decoherence mechanism for its suppression is purely phase noise.
Abstract We study the effect of dephasing on the spin-mixing dynamics of a spinor Bose–Einstein condensate. We focus on a short-time dynamics and derive an analytical dynamics equations for the system by using mean-field approximation. We show the spin-mixing is suppressed via a quantum Zeno effect (QZE) in which the phase-noise intensity is much stronger than the inverse correlation time of the stimulated process. We also investigate the spin-nematic squeezing in the process of spin-mixing dynamics and show the squeezing is restrained by the QZE.
An unstable condensate of diatomic molecules will coherently disassociate into correlated pairs of atoms. This dissociation process exhibits very rich quantum dynamics depending on the quantum statistics of the constituent atoms. We show that in the case of bosonic atoms Bose enhancement can lead to stimulated dissociation, whereas, in the case of fermions Pauli blocking of the available states and a buildup of coherence between molecules and atom pairs can give rise to incomplete dissociation of the molecules and transient association-dissociation oscillations.
We study the effect of decoherence on dynamical phase diffusion in the two-site Bose-Hubbard model. Starting with an odd parity excited coherent state, the initial loss of single-particle coherence varies from small bound oscillations in the Rabi regime, through hyperbolic depletion in the Josephson regime, to a Gaussian decay in the Fock regime. The inclusion of local-site noise, measuring the relative number difference between the modes, is shown to enhance phase diffusion. In comparison, site-indiscriminate noise measuring the population imbalance between the two quasimomentum modes slows down the loss of single-particle coherence. Decoherence thus either enhances or suppresses phase diffusion, depending on the details of system-bath coupling and the overlap of decoherence pointer states with collisional-entanglement pointer states. The deceleration of phase diffusion due to the coupling with the environment may be viewed as a many-body quantum Zeno effect. The extended effective decay times in the presence of projective measurement are further enhanced with increasing number of particles NNN by a bosonic factor of N\sqrt{N}N​ in the Fock regime and N/log NN/\text{log}\text{ }NN/log N in the Josephson regime.
We propose to implement a sub-shot-noise matter-wave interferometer via the stimulated dissociation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate and study the collisional loss of atom-molecule coherence during its phase-acquisition time. The obtained nnn-atom states are two-atom [SU(1,1)] coherent states with number variance $\ensuremath{\Delta}n\ensuremath{\propto}n$ compared to $\ensuremath{\Delta}n\ensuremath{\propto}\sqrt{n}$ for the spin [SU(2)] coherent states formed by coherent splitting of an atomic condensate. Consequently, the Lorentzian atom-molecule phase diffusion is faster than the Gaussian phase diffusion between separated atomic condensates by a n\sqrt{n}n​ factor.
We study the collisional loss of atom-molecule coherence after coherently dissociating a small fraction of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate into atoms. The obtained nnn-atoms states are two-atom (SU(1,1)) coherent states with number variance Δn∝nΔn\propto nΔn∝n compared to Δn∝nΔn\propto \sqrt{n}Δn∝n​ for the spin (SU(2)) coherent states formed by coherent splitting of an atomic condensate. Consequently, the Lorentzian atom-molecule phase-diffusion is faster than the Gaussian phase-diffusion between separated atomic condensates, by a n\sqrt{n}n​ factor.