Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1109.4908 · Physical Review A

Optimized sympathetic cooling of atomic mixtures via fast adiabatic strategies

Stephen U. S. Choi, Roberto Onofrio, Bala Sundaram

Published Nov 9, 2011• 48 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We discuss fast frictionless cooling techniques in the framework of sympathetic cooling of cold atomic mixtures. It is argued that optimal cooling of an atomic species---in which the deepest quantum degeneracy regime is achieved---may be obtained by means of sympathetic cooling with another species whose trapping frequency is dynamically changed to maintain constancy of the Lewis-Riesenfeld adiabatic invariant. Advantages and limitations of this cooling strategy are discussed, with particular regard to the possibility of cooling Fermi gases to a deeper degenerate regime.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.051601

Related papers

Thermodynamical approaches to efficient sympathetic cooling in ultracold Fermi-Bose atomic mixtures

Michael Brown-Hayes, Qun Wei, Carlo Presilla A +1 more

We discuss the cooling efficiency of ultracold Fermi-Bose mixtures in species-selective traps using a thermodynamical approach. The dynamics of evaporative cooling trajectories is analyzed in the specific case of bichromatic optical dipole traps also taking into account the effect of partial spatial overlap between the Fermi gas and the thermal component of the Bose gas. We show that large trapping frequency ratios between the Fermi and the Bose species allow for the achievement of a deeper Fermi degeneracy, consolidating in a thermodynamic setting earlier arguments based on more restrictive assumptions. In particular, we confirm that the minimum temperature of the mixture is obtained at the crossover between boson and fermion heat capacities, and that below such a temperature sympathetic cooling vanishes. When the effect of partial overlap is taken into account, optimal sympathetic cooling of the Fermi species may be achieved by properly tuning the relative trapping strength of the two species in a time-dependent fashion. Alternatively, the dimensionality of the trap in the final stage of cooling can be changed by increasing the confinement strength, which also results in a crossover of the heat capacities at deeper Fermi degeneracies. This technique may be extended to Fermi-Bose degenerate mixtures in optical lattices.

arXiv:0810.4481•Physical Review A•Jul 16, 2008•10 citations

Physics of our Days: Cooling and thermometry of atomic Fermi gases

Roberto Onofrio

Abstract We review the status of cooling techniques aimed at achieving the deepest quantum degeneracy for atomic Fermi gases. We first discuss some physics motivations, providing a quantitative assessment of the need for deep quantum degeneracy in relevant physics cases, such as the search for unconventional superfluid states. Attention is then focused on the most widespread technique to reach deep quantum degeneracy for Fermi systems, sympathetic cooling of Bose–Fermi mixtures, organizing the discussion according to the specific species involved. Various proposals to circumvent some of the limitations on achieving the deepest Fermi degeneracy, and their experimental realizations, are then reviewed. Finally, we discuss the extension of these techniques to optical lattices and the implementation of precision thermometry crucial to the understanding of the phase diagram of classical and quantum phase transitions in Fermi gases.

arXiv:1711.00071•Physics-Uspekhi•Oct 25, 2016•101 citations

Sympathetic cooling route to Bose-Einstein condensate and Fermi-liquid mixtures

Robin Côté, Roberto Onofrio, Eddy Timmermans

We discuss a sympathetic cooling strategy that can successfully mitigate fermion-hole heating in a dilute atomic Fermi-Bose mixture and access the temperature regime in which the fermions behave as a Fermi liquid. We introduce an energy-based formalism to describe the temperature dynamics with which we study a specific and promising mixture, composed of $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$. Analyzing the harmonically trapped mixture, we find that the favorable features of this mixture are further enhanced by using different trapping frequencies for the two species.

arXiv:cond-mat/0510810•Physical Review A•Oct 27, 2005•9 citations

Ultracold atomic Fermi-Bose mixtures in bichromatic optical dipole traps: A novel route to study fermion superfluidity

Roberto Onofrio, PRESILLA C.

The study of low density, ultracold atomic Fermi gases is a promising avenue to understand fermion superfluidity from first principles. One technique currently used to bring Fermi gases in the degenerate regime is sympathetic cooling through a reservoir made of an ultracold Bose gas. We discuss a proposal for trapping and cooling of two-species Fermi-Bose mixtures into optical dipole traps made from combinations of laser beams having two different wavelengths. In these bichromatic traps it is possible, by a proper choice of the relative laser powers, to selectively trap the two species in such a way that fermions experience a stronger confinement than bosons. As a consequence, a deep Fermi degeneracy can be reached having at the same time a softer degenerate regime for the Bose gas. This leads to an increase in the sympathetic cooling efficiency and allows for higher precision thermometry of the Fermi - Bose mixture.

•Jan 1, 2004•10 citations

Cooling Dynamics of Ultracold Two-Species Fermi-Bose Mixtures

Carlo Presilla A, Roberto Onofrio

We compare strategies for evaporative and sympathetic cooling of two-species Fermi-Bose mixtures in single-color and two-color optical dipole traps. We show that in the latter case a large heat capacity of the bosonic species can be maintained during the entire cooling process. This could allow one to efficiently achieve a deep Fermi degeneracy regime having at the same time a significant thermal fraction for the Bose gas, crucial for a precise thermometry of the mixture. Two possible signatures of a superfluid phase transition for the Fermi species are discussed.

arXiv:cond-mat/0301517•Physical Review Letters•Jan 24, 2003•31 citations

Optimal cooling strategies for magnetically trapped atomic Fermi-Bose mixtures

Michael Brown-Hayes, Roberto Onofrio

We discuss cooling efficiency for different-species Fermi-Bose mixtures in magnetic traps. A better heat capacity matching between the two atomic species is achieved by a proper choice of the Bose cooler and the magnetically trappable hyperfine states of the mixture. When a partial spatial overlap between the two species is also taken into account, the deepest Fermi degeneracy is obtained for an optimal value of the trapping frequency ratio between the two species. This can be achieved by assisting the magnetic trap with a deconfining light beam, as shown in the case of fermionic $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ mixed with $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$, $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$, and $^{133}\mathrm{Cs}$, with optimal conditions found for the not yet explored $^{6}\mathrm{Li}\penalty1000-\hskip0pt^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixture.

arXiv:cond-mat/0411560•Physical Review A•Dec 15, 2004•16 citations
We discuss fast frictionless cooling techniques in the framework of sympathetic cooling of cold atomic mixtures. It is argued that optimal cooling of an atomic species---in which the deepest quantum degeneracy regime is achieved---may be obtained by means of sympathetic cooling with another species whose trapping frequency is dynamically changed to maintain constancy of the Lewis-Riesenfeld adiabatic invariant. Advantages and limitations of this cooling strategy are discussed, with particular regard to the possibility of cooling Fermi gases to a deeper degenerate regime.
We discuss the cooling efficiency of ultracold Fermi-Bose mixtures in species-selective traps using a thermodynamical approach. The dynamics of evaporative cooling trajectories is analyzed in the specific case of bichromatic optical dipole traps also taking into account the effect of partial spatial overlap between the Fermi gas and the thermal component of the Bose gas. We show that large trapping frequency ratios between the Fermi and the Bose species allow for the achievement of a deeper Fermi degeneracy, consolidating in a thermodynamic setting earlier arguments based on more restrictive assumptions. In particular, we confirm that the minimum temperature of the mixture is obtained at the crossover between boson and fermion heat capacities, and that below such a temperature sympathetic cooling vanishes. When the effect of partial overlap is taken into account, optimal sympathetic cooling of the Fermi species may be achieved by properly tuning the relative trapping strength of the two species in a time-dependent fashion. Alternatively, the dimensionality of the trap in the final stage of cooling can be changed by increasing the confinement strength, which also results in a crossover of the heat capacities at deeper Fermi degeneracies. This technique may be extended to Fermi-Bose degenerate mixtures in optical lattices.
Abstract We review the status of cooling techniques aimed at achieving the deepest quantum degeneracy for atomic Fermi gases. We first discuss some physics motivations, providing a quantitative assessment of the need for deep quantum degeneracy in relevant physics cases, such as the search for unconventional superfluid states. Attention is then focused on the most widespread technique to reach deep quantum degeneracy for Fermi systems, sympathetic cooling of Bose–Fermi mixtures, organizing the discussion according to the specific species involved. Various proposals to circumvent some of the limitations on achieving the deepest Fermi degeneracy, and their experimental realizations, are then reviewed. Finally, we discuss the extension of these techniques to optical lattices and the implementation of precision thermometry crucial to the understanding of the phase diagram of classical and quantum phase transitions in Fermi gases.
We discuss a sympathetic cooling strategy that can successfully mitigate fermion-hole heating in a dilute atomic Fermi-Bose mixture and access the temperature regime in which the fermions behave as a Fermi liquid. We introduce an energy-based formalism to describe the temperature dynamics with which we study a specific and promising mixture, composed of 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb. Analyzing the harmonically trapped mixture, we find that the favorable features of this mixture are further enhanced by using different trapping frequencies for the two species.
The study of low density, ultracold atomic Fermi gases is a promising avenue to understand fermion superfluidity from first principles. One technique currently used to bring Fermi gases in the degenerate regime is sympathetic cooling through a reservoir made of an ultracold Bose gas. We discuss a proposal for trapping and cooling of two-species Fermi-Bose mixtures into optical dipole traps made from combinations of laser beams having two different wavelengths. In these bichromatic traps it is possible, by a proper choice of the relative laser powers, to selectively trap the two species in such a way that fermions experience a stronger confinement than bosons. As a consequence, a deep Fermi degeneracy can be reached having at the same time a softer degenerate regime for the Bose gas. This leads to an increase in the sympathetic cooling efficiency and allows for higher precision thermometry of the Fermi - Bose mixture.
We compare strategies for evaporative and sympathetic cooling of two-species Fermi-Bose mixtures in single-color and two-color optical dipole traps. We show that in the latter case a large heat capacity of the bosonic species can be maintained during the entire cooling process. This could allow one to efficiently achieve a deep Fermi degeneracy regime having at the same time a significant thermal fraction for the Bose gas, crucial for a precise thermometry of the mixture. Two possible signatures of a superfluid phase transition for the Fermi species are discussed.
We discuss cooling efficiency for different-species Fermi-Bose mixtures in magnetic traps. A better heat capacity matching between the two atomic species is achieved by a proper choice of the Bose cooler and the magnetically trappable hyperfine states of the mixture. When a partial spatial overlap between the two species is also taken into account, the deepest Fermi degeneracy is obtained for an optimal value of the trapping frequency ratio between the two species. This can be achieved by assisting the magnetic trap with a deconfining light beam, as shown in the case of fermionic 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li mixed with 23Na^{23}\mathrm{Na}23Na, 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb, and 133Cs^{133}\mathrm{Cs}133Cs, with optimal conditions found for the not yet explored $^{6}\mathrm{Li}\penalty1000-\hskip0pt^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixture.