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arXiv:1109.3752 · Physical Review A

Unitary cavity spin squeezing by quantum erasure

Ian D. Leroux, Monika Schleier-Smith, Hao Zhang, Vladan Vuletić

Published Jan 3, 2012• 47 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Deterministic light-induced spin squeezing in an atomic gas is limited by photon shot noise or, equivalently, by atomic state information escaping with the light field mediating the effective atom-atom interaction. We show theoretically that the performance of cavity spin squeezing [M. H. Schleier-Smith, I. D. Leroux, and V. Vuleti\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{}, Phys. Rev. A 81, 021804(R) (2010)] can be substantially improved by erasing the light-atom entanglement, and propose several methods for doing so. Accounting for light scattering into free space, quantum erasure improves the scaling of cavity squeezing from ${S}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ to ${S}^{\ensuremath{-}2/3}$, where $S$ is the total atomic spin.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.013803

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The unconditional squeezing of the collective spins of an atomic ensemble in a laser driven optical cavity [I. D. Leroux, M. H. Schleier-Smith, and V. Vuleti\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{}, Phys. Rev. Lett 104, 073602 (2010)] is studied and analyzed theoretically. Surprisingly, we find that the largely detuned driving laser can improve the scaling of cavity squeezing from ${S}^{\ensuremath{-}2/5}$ to ${S}^{\ensuremath{-}2/3}$, where SSS is the total atomic spin. Moreover, we also demonstrate that the experimental imperfection of photon scattering into free space can be efficiently suppressed by detuning.
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Many-body entangled states are key elements in quantum information science and quantum metrology. One important problem in establishing a high degree of many-body entanglement using optical techniques is the leakage of the system information via the light that creates such entanglement. We propose an all-optical interference-based approach to erase this information. Unwanted atom-light entanglement can be removed by destructive interference of three or more successive atom-light interactions, leaving behind only atom-atom entanglement. This quantum erasure protocol allows implementation of spin squeezing with Heisenberg scaling using coherent light and a cold or warm atomic ensemble. Calculations show that a significant improvement in the squeezing exceeding 10 dB is obtained compared to previous methods, and substantial spin squeezing is attainable even under moderate experimental conditions. Our method enables the efficient creation of many-body entangled states with simple setups and, thus, is promising for advancing technologies in quantum metrology and quantum information processing.
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