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arXiv:1107.5767 · The European Physical Journal D

A high phase-space density mixture of 87Rb and 133Cs: towards ultracold heteronuclear molecules

H. W. Cho, D. J. McCarron, D. L. Jenkin, M. P. Köppinger, Simon L. Cornish

Published Apr 27, 2011• 38 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2011-10716-1

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This thesis reports on the realisation and characterisation of a magnetically trapped ultracold atomic mixture of 87Rb and 133Cs in the F = 1, mF = −1 and F = 3, mF = −3 hyperfine states respectively. A compact two-species double magneto-optical trapping (MOT) apparatus is constructed in which a pyramid MOT acts to provide an independent flux of both atomic species for capture in the ultra-high vacuum science region of the apparatus. For the two-species science MOT in which this atom flux is captured, interspecies light assisted inelastic collisions are found to be a highly significant loss mechanism. A novel optical pressure spatial displacement technique is developed to minimise such losses, allowing near independent simultaneous loading of up to ' 8 × 108 87Rb and ' 3 × 108 133Cs atoms into an Ioffe-Pritchard ‘baseball ’ magnetic trap at magnetic bias fields of 166.70(6) and 165.50(6) G respectively. At the loaded 87Rb and 133Cs atom number densities of 1.78(6) × 109 and
This PhD tutorial article is a review of our experiments on heteronuclear quantum gas mixtures at the University of Hamburg. We introduce basic properties of trapped Fermi-Bose mixtures and demonstrate the achievement of large quantum degenerate mixtures of 40K and 87Rb. Using heteronuclear Feshbach resonances, we show how the heteronuclear interaction can be tuned, allowing us to induce phase separation and collapse for large repulsive and attractive interactions, respectively. We realize Fermi-Bose mixtures in 3D optical lattices as a novel quantum many-body system and study coherence properties of the mixture. Combining our experiments on lattices and Feshbach resonances, we present the first realization of ultracold heteronuclear Feshbach molecules. The molecules are created at individual sites of a 3D optical lattice. We discuss lifetime, binding energy and rf association efficiency in terms of a universal model and give an outlook for possible future developments.
This thesis reports on the tunability of interactions in ultracold Bose-Fermi mixtures of Cesium and Lithium. The \nfirst realization of an optically trapped \n6Li -133Cs mixture enabled to perform trap loss spectroscopy measurements to identify \nmagnetic Feshbach resonances. A total of 19 interspecies Feshbach resonances, all in the magnetic field range between 650 G and 950 G, were observed for the two energetically lowest spin states of each species. Two 5 G broad and especially two 60 G broad s-wave resonances give perspectives to produce a dipolar quantum gas of LiCs ground state molecules as well as to study the Efimov effect in highly mass imbalanced systems. In addition, a unique relative tunability of intra- and interspecies \nscattering lengths was found which makes the 6Li -133Cs system also well suited for the investigation of polarons. Evaporative cooling was performed on optically trapped samples which contained only one of the species. In this way, Bose-Einstein condensates of 6Li molecules as well as 133Cs samples at a phase-space density of p = 4 · 10^2 were prepared. All experiments were performed in a new apparatus, which has been designed and set up during this thesis.