Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1107.2740 · Physical Review A

High-temperature thermodynamics of strongly interacting s -wave and p -wave Fermi gases in a harmonic trap

Shi-Guo Peng, Shiqun Li, P. D. Drummond, Xia-Ji Liu

Published Jun 15, 2011• 24 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a strongly interacting trapped Fermi gas near either $s$-wave or $p$-wave Feshbach resonances, using a second-order quantum virial expansion. The second virial coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two interacting fermions in a harmonic trap. We consider both isotropic and anisotropic harmonic potentials. For the two-fermion interaction, either $s$-wave or $p$-wave, we use a pseudopotential parametrized by a scattering length and an effective range. This turns out to be the simplest way of encoding the energy dependence of the low-energy scattering amplitude or phase shift. This treatment of the pseudopotential can be easily generalized to higher partial-wave interactions. We discuss how the second virial coefficient and thermodynamics are affected by the existence of these finite-range interaction effects. The virial expansion result for a strongly interacting $s$-wave Fermi gas has already been proved very useful. In the case of $p$-wave interactions, our results for the high-temperature equation of state are applicable to future high-precision thermodynamic measurements for a spin-polarized Fermi gas near a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.83.063618

Related papers

High-temperature thermodynamics of spin-polarized Fermi gases in two-dimensional harmonic traps

Caixia Zhang, Shi-Guo Peng, Kaijun Jiang

Using a second-order quantum virial expansion, we theoretically study the high-temperature thermodynamics of spin-polarized Fermi gases with $p$-wave interaction confined in two-dimensional harmonic traps. The second virial coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two harmonically trapped fermions. We find that the two-body spectrum can correctly be evaluated only when the $p$-wave effective range is properly considered, which is referred to as the well-known Wigner's bound. According to the quantum virial expansion, the high-temperature thermodynamics of the system is then discussed based on the two-body solutions. In addition, we investigate the high-temperature behavior of $p$-wave contacts in harmonic traps within the quantum virial expansion, which characterize a set of universal relations of strongly interacting spin-polarized Fermi gases. Our results can provide an accurate benchmark at high temperature for future numerical simulations as well as high-precision thermodynamic measurements of harmonically trapped spin-polarized Fermi gases in two dimensions.

Physical Review A•Oct 16, 2018•6 citations

Three attractively interacting fermions in a harmonic trap: Exact solution, ferromagnetism, and high-temperature thermodynamics

Xia-Ji Liu, Hui Hu, P. D. Drummond

Three fermions with strongly repulsive interactions in a spherical harmonic trap constitute the simplest nontrivial system that can exhibit the onset of itinerant ferromagnetism. Here, we present exact solutions for three trapped, attractively interacting fermions near a Feshbach resonance. We analyze energy levels on the upper branch of the resonance where the atomic interaction is effectively repulsive. When the $s$-wave scattering length $a$ is sufficiently positive, three fully polarized fermions are energetically stable against a single spin-flip, indicating the possibility of itinerant ferromagnetism, as inferred in the recent experiment. We also investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a strongly repulsive or attractive Fermi gas using a quantum virial expansion. The second and third virial coefficients are calculated. The resulting equations of state can be tested in future quantitative experimental measurements at high temperatures and can provide a useful benchmark for quantum Monte Carlo simulations.

arXiv:1007.1041•Physical Review A•Aug 30, 2010•91 citations

Virial expansion of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas across a narrow Feshbach resonance

Shi-Guo Peng, Shuo-Han Zhao, Kaijun Jiang

We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas across a narrow Feshbach resonance by using the second-order quantum virial expansion, and point out some new features compared to the broad resonance. The interatomic interaction is modeled by the pseudopotential with an additional parameter, i.e., the effective range, to characterize the narrow-resonance width. Deep inside the width of a narrow Feshbach resonance, we find the second virial coefficient evolves with the effective range from the well-known universal value $1/4$ in the broad-resonance limit to one another value $1/2$ in the narrow-resonance limit. This means the Fermi gas interacts more strongly at the narrow resonance. In addition, far beyond the resonance width, we find the harmonically trapped Fermi gas still manifests an appreciable interaction effect across a narrow Feshbach resonance, which is contrary to our knowledge of the broad Feshbach resonance. All our results can be directly tested in current narrow Feshbach resonance experiments, which are generally carried out in a harmonic trap.

arXiv:1312.4662•Physical Review A•Jan 6, 2014•9 citations

Tunable high-temperature thermodynamics of weakly interacting dipolar gases

K. M. Daily, D. Blume

We consider dilute gases of dipolar bosons or fermions in the high-temperature limit in a spherically symmetric harmonic trapping potential. We examine the system using a virial expansion up to second order in the fugacity. Using the Born approximation and assuming purely dipolar interactions, we find that the second-order virial coefficient for both bosons and fermions depends quadratically on the dipole length and is negative at high temperatures, indicating that to lowest order in the dipole-dipole interactions the dipolar single-component quantum gases are repulsive. If the $s$-wave scattering length for the bosonic system is tunable and its absolute value is made small, then the $s$-wave interactions dominate and the dipolar gas behaves like a weakly interacting Bose gas with isotropic $s$-wave interactions. If the generalized scattering lengths for the fermionic system are tunable, then the dipole length can enter linearly in the virial equation of state, enhancing the dipole-dipole effects in the thermodynamic observables.

arXiv:1312.6405•Physical Review A•Jan 8, 2014•1 citation

Exact few-body results for strongly correlated quantum gases in two dimensions

Xia-Ji Liu, Hui Hu, P. D. Drummond

The study of strongly correlated quantum gases in two dimensions has important ramifications for understanding many intriguing phenomena in solid materials, such as high-${T}_{c}$ superconductivity and the fractional quantum-Hall effect. However, theoretical methods are plagued by the existence of significant quantum fluctuations. Here, we present two- and three-body exact solutions for both fermions and bosons trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential with an arbitrary $s$-wave scattering length. These few-particle solutions link in a natural way to the high-temperature properties of many-particle systems via a quantum virial expansion. As a concrete example, using the energy spectrum of few fermions, we calculate the second and third virial coefficients of a strongly interacting Fermi gas in two dimensions, and consequently investigate its high-temperature thermodynamics. Our thermodynamic results may be useful for ongoing experiments on two-dimensional Fermi gases. These exact results also provide an unbiased benchmark for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of two-dimensional Fermi gases at high temperatures.

arXiv:1007.0792•Physical Review B•Aug 30, 2010•74 citations

Three s -wave-interacting fermions under anisotropic harmonic confinement: Dimensional crossover of energetics and virial coefficients

Seyed Ebrahim Gharashi, K. M. Daily, D. Blume

We present highly accurate solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation for three fermions in two different spin states with zero-range $s$-wave interactions under harmonic confinement. Our approach covers spherically symmetric, strictly two-dimensional, strictly one-dimensional, cigar-shaped, and pancake-shaped traps. In particular, we discuss the transition from quasi-one-dimensional to strictly one-dimensional and from quasi-two-dimensional to strictly two-dimensional geometries. We determine and interpret the eigenenergies of the system as a function of the trap geometry and the strength of the zero-range interactions. The eigenenergies are used to investigate the dependence of the second- and third-order virial coefficients, which play an important role in the virial expansion of the thermodynamic potential, on the geometry of the trap. We show that the second- and third-order virial coefficients for anisotropic confinement geometries are, for experimentally relevant temperatures, very well approximated by those for the spherically symmetric confinement for all $s$-wave scattering lengths.

arXiv:1210.2006•Physical Review A•Oct 4, 2012•37 citations
We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a strongly interacting trapped Fermi gas near either sss-wave or ppp-wave Feshbach resonances, using a second-order quantum virial expansion. The second virial coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two interacting fermions in a harmonic trap. We consider both isotropic and anisotropic harmonic potentials. For the two-fermion interaction, either sss-wave or ppp-wave, we use a pseudopotential parametrized by a scattering length and an effective range. This turns out to be the simplest way of encoding the energy dependence of the low-energy scattering amplitude or phase shift. This treatment of the pseudopotential can be easily generalized to higher partial-wave interactions. We discuss how the second virial coefficient and thermodynamics are affected by the existence of these finite-range interaction effects. The virial expansion result for a strongly interacting sss-wave Fermi gas has already been proved very useful. In the case of ppp-wave interactions, our results for the high-temperature equation of state are applicable to future high-precision thermodynamic measurements for a spin-polarized Fermi gas near a ppp-wave Feshbach resonance.
Using a second-order quantum virial expansion, we theoretically study the high-temperature thermodynamics of spin-polarized Fermi gases with ppp-wave interaction confined in two-dimensional harmonic traps. The second virial coefficient is calculated based on the energy spectrum of two harmonically trapped fermions. We find that the two-body spectrum can correctly be evaluated only when the ppp-wave effective range is properly considered, which is referred to as the well-known Wigner's bound. According to the quantum virial expansion, the high-temperature thermodynamics of the system is then discussed based on the two-body solutions. In addition, we investigate the high-temperature behavior of ppp-wave contacts in harmonic traps within the quantum virial expansion, which characterize a set of universal relations of strongly interacting spin-polarized Fermi gases. Our results can provide an accurate benchmark at high temperature for future numerical simulations as well as high-precision thermodynamic measurements of harmonically trapped spin-polarized Fermi gases in two dimensions.
Three fermions with strongly repulsive interactions in a spherical harmonic trap constitute the simplest nontrivial system that can exhibit the onset of itinerant ferromagnetism. Here, we present exact solutions for three trapped, attractively interacting fermions near a Feshbach resonance. We analyze energy levels on the upper branch of the resonance where the atomic interaction is effectively repulsive. When the sss-wave scattering length aaa is sufficiently positive, three fully polarized fermions are energetically stable against a single spin-flip, indicating the possibility of itinerant ferromagnetism, as inferred in the recent experiment. We also investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a strongly repulsive or attractive Fermi gas using a quantum virial expansion. The second and third virial coefficients are calculated. The resulting equations of state can be tested in future quantitative experimental measurements at high temperatures and can provide a useful benchmark for quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
We theoretically investigate the high-temperature thermodynamics of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas across a narrow Feshbach resonance by using the second-order quantum virial expansion, and point out some new features compared to the broad resonance. The interatomic interaction is modeled by the pseudopotential with an additional parameter, i.e., the effective range, to characterize the narrow-resonance width. Deep inside the width of a narrow Feshbach resonance, we find the second virial coefficient evolves with the effective range from the well-known universal value 1/41/41/4 in the broad-resonance limit to one another value 1/21/21/2 in the narrow-resonance limit. This means the Fermi gas interacts more strongly at the narrow resonance. In addition, far beyond the resonance width, we find the harmonically trapped Fermi gas still manifests an appreciable interaction effect across a narrow Feshbach resonance, which is contrary to our knowledge of the broad Feshbach resonance. All our results can be directly tested in current narrow Feshbach resonance experiments, which are generally carried out in a harmonic trap.
We consider dilute gases of dipolar bosons or fermions in the high-temperature limit in a spherically symmetric harmonic trapping potential. We examine the system using a virial expansion up to second order in the fugacity. Using the Born approximation and assuming purely dipolar interactions, we find that the second-order virial coefficient for both bosons and fermions depends quadratically on the dipole length and is negative at high temperatures, indicating that to lowest order in the dipole-dipole interactions the dipolar single-component quantum gases are repulsive. If the sss-wave scattering length for the bosonic system is tunable and its absolute value is made small, then the sss-wave interactions dominate and the dipolar gas behaves like a weakly interacting Bose gas with isotropic sss-wave interactions. If the generalized scattering lengths for the fermionic system are tunable, then the dipole length can enter linearly in the virial equation of state, enhancing the dipole-dipole effects in the thermodynamic observables.
The study of strongly correlated quantum gases in two dimensions has important ramifications for understanding many intriguing phenomena in solid materials, such as high-Tc{T}_{c}Tc​ superconductivity and the fractional quantum-Hall effect. However, theoretical methods are plagued by the existence of significant quantum fluctuations. Here, we present two- and three-body exact solutions for both fermions and bosons trapped in a two-dimensional harmonic potential with an arbitrary sss-wave scattering length. These few-particle solutions link in a natural way to the high-temperature properties of many-particle systems via a quantum virial expansion. As a concrete example, using the energy spectrum of few fermions, we calculate the second and third virial coefficients of a strongly interacting Fermi gas in two dimensions, and consequently investigate its high-temperature thermodynamics. Our thermodynamic results may be useful for ongoing experiments on two-dimensional Fermi gases. These exact results also provide an unbiased benchmark for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of two-dimensional Fermi gases at high temperatures.
We present highly accurate solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation for three fermions in two different spin states with zero-range sss-wave interactions under harmonic confinement. Our approach covers spherically symmetric, strictly two-dimensional, strictly one-dimensional, cigar-shaped, and pancake-shaped traps. In particular, we discuss the transition from quasi-one-dimensional to strictly one-dimensional and from quasi-two-dimensional to strictly two-dimensional geometries. We determine and interpret the eigenenergies of the system as a function of the trap geometry and the strength of the zero-range interactions. The eigenenergies are used to investigate the dependence of the second- and third-order virial coefficients, which play an important role in the virial expansion of the thermodynamic potential, on the geometry of the trap. We show that the second- and third-order virial coefficients for anisotropic confinement geometries are, for experimentally relevant temperatures, very well approximated by those for the spherically symmetric confinement for all sss-wave scattering lengths.