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arXiv:1107.1914 · Physical Review A

Coherent manipulation of spin-wave vector for polarization of photons in an atomic ensemble

Shujing Li, Zhongxiao Xu, Haiyan Zheng, Xingbo Zhao, Yuelong Wu, Hai Wang, Changde Xie, Kunchi Peng

Published Oct 24, 2011• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the manipulation of two orthogonal components of a spin wave in an atomic ensemble. Based on Raman two-photon transition and Larmor spin precession induced by magnetic field pulses, the coherent rotations between the two components of the spin wave are controllably achieved. Successively, the two manipulated spin-wave components are mapped into two orthogonal polarized optical emissions. By measuring Ramsey fringes of the retrieved optical signals, the \ensuremath{\pi}/2-pulse fidelity of \ensuremath{\sim}96% is obtained. The presented manipulation scheme can be used to build an arbitrary rotation for qubit operations in quantum information processing based on atomic ensembles.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.043430

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We experimentally demonstrate the manipulation of two orthogonal components of a spin wave in an atomic ensemble. Based on Raman two-photon transition and Larmor spin precession induced by magnetic field pulses, the coherent rotations between the two components of the spin wave are controllably achieved. Successively, the two manipulated spin-wave components are mapped into two orthogonal polarized optical emissions. By measuring Ramsey fringes of the retrieved optical signals, the \ensuremath{\pi}/2-pulse fidelity of \ensuremath{\sim}96% is obtained. The presented manipulation scheme can be used to build an arbitrary rotation for qubit operations in quantum information processing based on atomic ensembles.
We experimentally demonstrated a fast manipulation of two orthogonal spin-wave excitations in an ensemble of cold 87{}^{87}87Rb atoms. The spin-wave manipulation is realized by transferring the excitations between two collective states, and a \ensuremath{\pi} rotation between the two spin waves is accomplished on a time scale of \ensuremath{\sim}100 ns. The multiple \ensuremath{\pi} rotations are completed based on the single \ensuremath{\pi} rotation. The results show that the retrieval optical signal from the manipulated spin waves gradually decreases along with the increasing of \ensuremath{\pi}-rotation numbers. The loss mechanism of spin waves caused by a Raman \ensuremath{\pi} rotation is simply analyzed, and the possible methods to mitigate the loss are discussed. Using multiple \ensuremath{\pi} rotations, one can implement the dynamical decoupling to protect the qubit memory in an atom ensemble from the influence of environmental noise.
We report the first experimental realization of single-qubit manipulation for single spinwaves stored in an atomic ensemble quantum memory. In order to have high-fidelity gate operations, we make use of stimulated Raman transition and controlled Lamor precession jointly. We characterize the gate performances with quantum state tomography and quantum process tomography, both of which imply that high-fidelity operations have been achieved. Our work complements the experimental toolbox of atomic-ensemble quantum memories by adding the capability of single-qubit manipulation, thus may have important applications in future scalable quantum networks.
We propose a scheme to generate and control atomic spin squeezing via atomic coherence induced by the strong coupling and probe fields in the \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type electromagnetically-induced-transparency configuration in an atomic ensemble. Manipulation of squeezing of the two components in the plane orthogonal to the mean atomic spin direction and generation of nearly perfect squeezing in either component can be achieved by varying the relative intensities of the coupling and probe fields. This method provides a flexible and convenient way to create and control atomic spin squeezing, which may find potential applications in high-precision atomic-physics measurement, quantum coherent control, and quantum information processing.
Optical manipulation of spin coherence in rubidium atoms is studied. The effect of off-resonant and circularly polarized light on optically induced magnetization is investigated. The change in precession frequency caused by the light-shift effect is verified. Absorption-free phase control of spin precession and pure spin rotation about an arbitrary axis are demonstrated. A theory of precession frequency shift that includes the effect of absorption is considered by using the density matrix and the experimental results are in agreement with the predictions of the theory. Thus, we show that it is possible to carry out off-resonant control of spin coherence and all-optical manipulation of spins.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.
We studied the optical manipulation of spin coherence in rubidium atoms by using polarization spectroscopy with the pump-probe technique.Two types of optically induced spin echoes, namely on-and off-resonant manipulations, whose creation mechanism are the optical pumping effect and the light shift effect, respectively, are studied theoretically and experimentally.A theory of optically induced spin echoes that can be applied to both types of spin echoes is considered by using the density matrix, and a general expression for the refocusing efficiency of the control pulse is presented.The effect of the off-resonant manipulation was examined by using light pulses of two frequencies provided by two lasers.Vector models for the two types of spin echoes are presented, and the observed dependences of the frequency and the duration of the control pulse on the spin-echo intensity are suitably explained by the theoretically derived refocusing efficiency.The off-resonant manipulation gives the possibility of arbitrary-angle spin rotation around an arbitrary axis.