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arXiv:1106.0802

Tunneling Time of Bose-Einstein Condensates on Real Time Stochastic Approach

Keita Kobayashi, Inoue, M., Yusuke Nakamura, Keita HONDA, Y. Yamanaka

Published Jun 4, 2011• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study tunneling processes of Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) on the real time stochastic approach and reveal some properties of their tunneling time. An important result is that the tunneling time decreases as the repulsive interatomic interaction becomes stronger. Furthermore, the tunneling time in a strong interaction region is not much affected by the potential height and is represented by an almost constant function. We also obtain the other related times such as the hesitating and interaction ones and investigate their dependence on the interaction strength. Finally, we calculate the mean arrival time of BEC wave packet and show the large displacement of its peak position.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1106.0802

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We investigate macroscopic quantum tunneling of a Bose-Einstein condensate, and how it is affected by the interatomic interaction. We study the dynamics of a condensate falling under gravity and scattering on a Gaussian potential barrier that models a mirror formed by a far-detuned sheet of light. We observe bouncing, interference, and quantum tunneling of the condensate. We find that the tunneling rate is very sensitive to the interatomic interaction and to the shape of the condensate. Under many conditions the tunneling rate is strongly enhanced by the interaction as achieved, for instance, by increasing the number of condensed particles. In a quasi one-dimensional situation the tunneling pulse displays two peaks. The quantum tunneling can be quasiperiodic, and in this way one could generate coherent Bose-Einstein condensed atomic pulses.
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We investigate theoretically the tunneling of a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate through a potential barrier. This scenario is closely related to recent experimental studies of condensates trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices. We derive analytical results for the tunneling rate of the condensate with emphasis on the effects of atom-atom interactions. Furthermore, we consider the effect of fluctuating barrier height to the tunneling rate. We have computed the tunneling rate as a function of the characteristic frequency of the noise. The result is seen to be closely related to the excitation spectrum of the condensate. These observations should be experimentally verifiable.
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