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arXiv:1105.5151 · Physical Review A

Cooling atom-cavity systems into entangled states

Jonathan Busch, Suvabrata De, Svetoslav S. Ivanov, Boyan T. Torosov, Timothy P. Spiller, Almut Beige

Published Aug 8, 2011• 58 citations

Abstract

Generating entanglement by simply cooling a system into a stationary state which is highly entangled has many advantages. Schemes based on this idea are robust against parameter fluctuations, tolerate relatively large spontaneous decay rates, and achieve high fidelities independent of their initial state. A possible implementation of this idea in atom-cavity systems has recently been proposed by Kastoryano et al., [Kastoryano et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 090502 (2011).]. Here we propose an improved entanglement cooling scheme for two atoms inside an optical cavity which achieves higher fidelities for comparable single-atom cooperativity parameters $C$. For example, we predict fidelities above $90%$ even for $C$ as low as 20 without having to detect photons.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.84.022316

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Generating entanglement by simply cooling a system into a stationary state which is highly entangled has many advantages. Schemes based on this idea are robust against parameter fluctuations, tolerate relatively large spontaneous decay rates, and achieve high fidelities independent of their initial state. A possible implementation of this idea in atom-cavity systems has recently been proposed by Kastoryano et al., [Kastoryano et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 090502 (2011).]. Here we propose an improved entanglement cooling scheme for two atoms inside an optical cavity which achieves higher fidelities for comparable single-atom cooperativity parameters

C

. For example, we predict fidelities above

90%

even for

C

as low as 20 without having to detect photons.

We discuss the possibility of preparing highly entangled states by simply cooling atoms into the ground state of an applied interaction Hamiltonian. As in laser sideband cooling, we take advantage of a relatively large detuning of the desired state, while all other qubit states experience resonant laser driving. Once spontaneous emission from excited atomic states prepares the system in its ground state, it remains there with a very high fidelity for a wide range of experimental parameters and all possible initial states. After presenting the general theory, we discuss concrete applications with one and two qubits.

We discuss the possibility of preparing highly entangled states by simply cooling atoms into the ground state of an applied interaction Hamiltonian. As in laser sideband cooling, we take advantage of a relatively large detuning of the desired state, while all other qubit states experience resonant laser driving. Once spontaneous emission from excited atomic states prepares the system in its ground state, it remains there with a very high fidelity for a wide range of experimental parameters and all possible initial states. After presenting the general theory, we discuss concrete applications with one and two qubits.

We present a scheme for realizing a steady entanglement state between two trapped atoms, without requiring the initialization of atom-cavity system nor fine time-controlling of evolution dynamics. We show that high-fidelity entanglement of atomic state can be obtained in a period of time equal to a few times the inverse of atomic's spontaneous decay rate. The robustness against cavity decay $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ and cavity thermal field

{n}_{T}

has also been examined.

A scheme is proposed for the generation of W entangled states for several atoms trapped in a cavity by detecting photon decay. The scheme works in the regime, where the cavity decay rate is larger than the atom-cavity coupling strength. Thus, the requirement for the quality factor of the cavity is greatly loosened, which is of importance in view of experiment. Another advantage of this scheme is that the atoms are always populated in two ground states coupled by Raman transitions, thus the spontaneous emission can also be suppressed.