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arXiv:1105.3850 · Physical Review A

Few-boson tunneling dynamics of strongly correlated binary mixtures in a double well

B. Chatterjee, Ioannis Brouzos, Lushuai Cao, Peter Schmelcher

Published Jan 5, 2012• 20 citations
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Abstract

We explore the tunneling dynamics of strongly correlated bosonic mixtures in a one-dimensional double well. The roles of the inter- and intraspecies interactions and their interplay are investigated using the numerically exact multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) method. The dynamics is studied for three initial configurations: complete and partial population imbalance and a species-separated state. Increasing the interspecies interaction leads to a strong increase of the tunneling time period analogous to the quantum self-trapping for condensates. The intraspecies repulsion can suppress or enhance the tunneling period depending on the strength of the interspecies correlations as well as the initial configuration. Completely correlated tunneling between the two species and within the same species as well as mechanisms of species separation and counterflow are revealed. These effects are explained by studying the few-body energy spectra as well as the properties of the contributing stationary states.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.013611

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We explore the tunneling dynamics of strongly correlated bosonic mixtures in a one-dimensional double well. The roles of the inter- and intraspecies interactions and their interplay are investigated using the numerically exact multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (MCTDH) method. The dynamics is studied for three initial configurations: complete and partial population imbalance and a species-separated state. Increasing the interspecies interaction leads to a strong increase of the tunneling time period analogous to the quantum self-trapping for condensates. The intraspecies repulsion can suppress or enhance the tunneling period depending on the strength of the interspecies correlations as well as the initial configuration. Completely correlated tunneling between the two species and within the same species as well as mechanisms of species separation and counterflow are revealed. These effects are explained by studying the few-body energy spectra as well as the properties of the contributing stationary states.
In this thesis, the tunneling dynamics of a few boson system in a double-well is investigated from an ab-initio prospective using the numerically exact Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree method. We first study a system consisting of single species of bosons with a spatially modulated interaction. The main emphasis is on the role of inhomogeneity and its effect on the tunneling. The dynamics changes from Rabi oscillations in the non-interacting case to a highly suppressed tunneling for intermediate interaction strengths followed by a reappearance of tunneling near the fermionization limit. With extreme interaction inhomogeneity in the regime of strong correlations we observe tunneling between the higher bands. A richer behavior is found for systems with higher particle number. For systems with more than two bosons, the inhomogeneity of the interaction can be tuned to generate tunneling resonances. These observations are explained on the basis of the few-body spectrum and stationary eigenstates. A tilted double-well and its interplay with the interaction asymmetry is discussed next. We demonstrate that the effects of the interaction can be compensated by the tilt leading to tunneling resonances. We then explore tunneling dynamics of binary bosonic mixtures. The focus is on the role of the inter- and intra-species interactions and their interplay. The dynamics is studied for three initial configurations: complete and partial population imbalance and a phase separated state. Increasing the inter-species interaction leads to a strong increase of the tunneling time period analogous to the quantum self-trapping for condensates. The intra-species repulsion can suppress or enhance the tunneling period depending on the strength of the inter-species correlations as well as the initial configuration. Completely correlated tunneling between the two species and within the same species as well as mechanisms of species separation and counterflow are revealed. These effects are explained by studying the many-body energy spectra as well as the properties of the contributing stationary states.
We study the ground-state properties and quantum dynamics of few-boson mixtures with strong interspecies repulsion in one-dimensional traps. If one species localizes at the center, e.g., due to a very large mass compared to the other component, it represents an effective barrier for the latter, and the system can be mapped onto identical bosons in a double well. For weaker localization, the barrier atoms begin to respond to the light component, leading to an induced attraction between the mobile atoms that may even outweigh their bare intraspecies repulsion. To explain the resulting effects, we derive an effective Hubbard model for the lighter species accounting for the back action of the barrier in correction terms to the lattice parameters. Also the tunneling is drastically affected: by varying the degree of localization of the ``barrier'' atoms, the dynamics of intrinsically noninteracting bosons can change from Rabi oscillations to effective pair tunneling. For identical fermions (or fermionized bosons), this leads to the tunneling of attractively bound pairs.
We investigate the tunneling properties of a two-species few-boson mixture in a one-dimensional triple well and harmonic trap. The mixture is prepared in an initial state with a strong spatial correlation for one species and complete localization of the other species. We observe a correlation-induced tunneling process in the weak interspecies interaction regime. The onset of the interspecies interaction disturbs the spatial correlations of one species and induces a tunneling process between the correlated wells. The corresponding tunneling properties can be controlled by the spatial correlations with an underlying mechanism that is inherently different from the well-known resonant tunneling process. We also observe and analyze the correlated tunneling of both species in the intermediate interspecies interaction regime and the tunneling via higher band states for strong interactions.
We investigate few-boson tunneling in a one-dimensional double well, covering the full crossover from weak interactions to the fermionization limit of strong correlations. Based on exact quantum-dynamical calculations, it is found that the tunneling dynamics of two atoms evolves from Rabi oscillations to correlated pair tunneling as we increase the interaction strength. Near the fermionization limit, fragmented-pair tunneling is observed and analyzed in terms of the population imbalance and two-body correlations. For more atoms, the tunneling dynamics near fermionization is shown to be sensitive to both atom number and initial configuration.
Abstract We investigate the ground state properties and the nonequilibrium dynamics of a lattice trapped bosonic mixture consisting of an impurity species and a finite-sized medium. For the case of one as well as two impurities we observe that, depending on the lattice depth and the interspecies interaction strength, a transition from a strongly delocalized to a localized impurity distribution occurs. In the latter regime the two species phase separate, thereby forming a particle–hole pair. For two impurities we find that below a critical lattice depth they are delocalized among two neighboring outer lattice wells and are two-body correlated. This transition is characterized by a crossover from strong to a suppressed interspecies entanglement for increasing impurity-medium repulsion. Turning to the dynamical response of the mixture, upon quenching the interspecies repulsion to smaller values, we reveal that the predominant tunneling process for a single impurity corresponds to that of a particle–hole pair, whose dynamical stability depends strongly on the quench amplitude. During the time-evolution a significant increase of the interspecies entanglement is observed, caused by the build-up of a superposition of states and thus possesses a many-body nature. In the case of two bosonic impurities the particle–hole pair process becomes unstable in the course of the dynamics with the impurities aggregating in adjacent lattice sites while being strongly correlated.
Abstract We unravel the correlated tunneling dynamics of an impurity trapped in a double well and interacting repulsively with a majority species of lattice trapped bosons. Upon quenching the tilt of the double well it is found that the quench-induced tunneling dynamics depends crucially on the interspecies interaction strength and the presence of entanglement inherent in the system. In particular, for weak couplings the impurity performs a rather irregular tunneling process in the double well. Increasing the interspecies coupling it is possible to control the response of the impurity which undergoes a delayed tunneling while the majority species effectively acts as a material barrier. For very strong interspecies interaction strengths the impurity exhibits a self-trapping behavior. We showcase that a similar tunneling dynamics takes place for two weakly interacting impurities and identify its underlying transport mechanisms in terms of pair and single-particle tunneling processes.