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arXiv:1104.3684

Prospects for giant optical nonlinearity on a chip

Jaesuk Hwang, Edward A. Hinds

Published Apr 19, 2011• 0 citations
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Abstract

We point out that individual organic dye molecules, deposited close to optical waveguides on a photonic chip, can act as single photon sources and can also provide localised, giant optical nonlinearities. This new atom-photon interface may be used as a resource for processing quantum information.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1104.3684

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We point out that individual organic dye molecules, deposited close to optical waveguides on a photonic chip, can act as single-photon sources. A thin silicon nitride strip waveguide is expected to collect 28% of the photons from a single dibenzoterrylene molecule. These molecules can also provide large, localized optical nonlinearities, which are enough to discriminate between one photon or two through a differential phase shift of 2° per photon. This new atom–photon interface may be used as a resource for processing quantum information.
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Many interesting proposals in quantum optics and light-matter interaction rely on having multiple quantum emitters well-coupled to a single mode of light. Of particular interest are cases where several identical emitters couple to a one-dimensional (1D) photonic medium. Recently, we presented such a system by evanescent coupling of organic dye molecules to the same guided mode of an on-chip subwavelength waveguide [1]. While this coupling allowed us to demonstrate up to 7.5% transmission extinction of the propagating light by a single molecule, it is still not sufficient for achieving higher-order effects such as photon-mediated interaction of multiple emitters coupled to the same waveguide.
Summary form only given. Efficient quantum light sources and non-linear optical elements at the few photon level are the basic ingredients for most applications in nano and quantum technologies. On the other hand, a scalable platform for quantum information and communication typically requires reliable light matter interfaces and on-chip integration. In this work we demonstrate the potential of a novel hybrid technology which combines single organic molecules as quantum emitters and dielectric chips, consisting of ridge waveguides and grating far-field couplers [1].Here the emitters are integrated by spin-coating onto the photonic chip. We demonstrate at room temperature the emission of single photons from DBT molecules into ridge waveguides with a branching ratio up to 40%. The overall single-photon source efficiency, including emission into the guided mode, propagation losses, and emission into a quasi-gaussian mode in free space, is estimated around 16%. These results are competitive with state-of-the-art single photon emission into propagating guided modes from solid state systems [4], while offering a novel platform with unprecedented versatility. Single waveguided photons can be readily processed on-chip or efficiently extracted into a quasi-gaussian mode in free space. We also discuss options to further improve the collection efficiency and applications to quantum optics [5] and to study manybody-induced quantum correlation effects [6].