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arXiv:1102.0364 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Conversion between electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption in a three-level lambda system

Sapam Ranjita Chanu, Kanhaiya Pandey, Vasant Natarajan A

Published May 1, 2012• 34 citations
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Abstract

We show that it is possible to change from a subnatural electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) feature to a subnatural electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) feature in a (degenerate) three-level Λ system. The change is effected by turning on a second control beam counter-propagating with respect to the first beam. We observe this change in the D 2 line of Rb in a room temperature vapor cell. The observations are supported by density-matrix analysis of the complete sublevel structure including the effect of Doppler averaging, but can be understood qualitatively as arising due to the formation of N -type systems with the two control beams. Since many of the applications of EIT and EIA rely on the anomalous dispersion near the resonances, this introduces a new ability to control the sign of the dispersion.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/98/44009

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Conversion between electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption in a three-level lambda system

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We show that it is possible to change from a subnatural electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) feature to a subnatural electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) feature in a (degenerate) three-level. system. The change is effected by turning on a second control beam counter-propagating with respect to the first beam. We observe this change in the D-2 line of Rb in a room temperature vapor cell. The observations are supported by density-matrix analysis of the complete sublevel structure including the effect of Doppler averaging, but can be understood qualitatively as arising due to the formation of N-type systems with the two control beams. Since many of the applications of EIT and EIA rely on the anomalous dispersion near the resonances, this introduces a new ability to control the sign of the dispersion. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012

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We show that it is possible to change from a subnatural electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) feature to a subnatural electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) feature in a (degenerate) three-level Λ system. The change is effected by turning on a second control beam counter-propagating with respect to the first beam. We observe this change in the D 2 line of Rb in a room temperature vapor cell. The observations are supported by density-matrix analysis of the complete sublevel structure including the effect of Doppler averaging, but can be understood qualitatively as arising due to the formation of N -type systems with the two control beams. Since many of the applications of EIT and EIA rely on the anomalous dispersion near the resonances, this introduces a new ability to control the sign of the dispersion.
We show that it is possible to change from a subnatural electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) feature to a subnatural electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) feature in a (degenerate) three-level. system. The change is effected by turning on a second control beam counter-propagating with respect to the first beam. We observe this change in the D-2 line of Rb in a room temperature vapor cell. The observations are supported by density-matrix analysis of the complete sublevel structure including the effect of Doppler averaging, but can be understood qualitatively as arising due to the formation of N-type systems with the two control beams. Since many of the applications of EIT and EIA rely on the anomalous dispersion near the resonances, this introduces a new ability to control the sign of the dispersion. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012
We obtain subnatural linewidth (i.e., $<\ensuremath{\Gamma}$) for probe absorption in room-temperature Rb vapor using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system. For stationary atoms, the EIT dip for a resonant control laser is roughly one-half as wide as the control Rabi frequency ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{c}$. But in thermal vapor, the moving atoms fill the transparency band so that the final EIT dip remains subnatural even when ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{c}⪢\ensuremath{\Gamma}$. We observe a linewidth of $\ensuremath{\Gamma}/4$ for ${\ensuremath{\Omega}}_{c}=8\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ in the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line of Rb.
The well known Lambda-system using two ground state hyperfine levels, F=1 and F=2 of 5S1/2 and one hyperfine level, F=2 of excited state of 5P3/2 of 87Rb has been recently studied using two counter- propagating control lasers [1]. The experiment shows conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) because the doubly driven Lambda-system forms various sub-systems. We here present detailed theoretical study of the different possible sub-systems created by this configuration. We also explore the possibility of tuning the strength of individual sub-systems by changing the polarization of the control lasers.
In this paper, we study the formation of two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows in a four-level lambda atomic system with Doppler broadening. The depth and the width of the EIT windows are easily changed by adjusting the intensity of the controlling laser fields. Meanwhile, the position of the EIT windows is also easily shifted by changing the frequency of the laser fields. In particular, by turning on or off one of the two coupling laser fields, the probe field response can be switched between one or two EIT window regimes, i.e., it is possible to switch between absorption and transparency regimes, and vice versa. In addition, our analytical model also allows one to investigate the influence of temperature (or Doppler width) on EIT windows, which is necessary for experimental observations as well as related applications at room temperature.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is obtained in a well-studied lambda three level system where an optical coupling field and a probing field interact with two optical transitions. However, both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and EIT can be obtained in a modified quasi-lambda four level system consisting of an optical-radio two-photon coupling field and a probing field. By solving the density matrix equation of motion, a physical account of EIA and EIT is given in terms of a dressed state picture. It can be seen that the optical coupling field in this quasi-lambda four level system has a crucial effect on the forming of EIA and EIT. An EIA is observed under a resonant optical coupling and it evolves into an EIT when there is a detuning. Furthermore, the width of EIA or EIT increases as the optical coupling Rabi frequency increases.
An electromagnetically induced transparency is observed at one arm of a three-level \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type system in a rubidium D1 line (794.8 nm) with an 85% reduction in absorption, when a pumping field is present at the other arm. This reduction in absorption for the weak probe field is due to the atomic coherence produced by the strong pumping field. This experiment is done in a Rb vapor cell at room temperature with cw diode lasers for both pumping and probe beams in a Doppler-free configuration. A simple theoretical treatment including Doppler broadening is in good qualitative agreement with the experimental measurement.