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arXiv:1012.0195

The second order dense ferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition

Aycan Özkan, Bülent Kutlu

Published Dec 1, 2010• 0 citations
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Abstract

The fcc spin-1 Ising (BEG) model has a dense ferromagnetic ($df$) ground state instead of the ferromagnetic ground state at low temperature region and exhibits the dense ferromagnetic ($df$) - ferromagnetic ($F$) phase transition for $d=D/J=2.9$, $k=K/J=-0.5$, $\ell =L/J=0$ and $h=H/J=0$. The critical behavior of the dense ferromagnetic ($df$) - ferromagnetic ($F$) phase transition has been investigated using the cellular automaton cooling and heating algorithms. The universality class and the type of the dense ferromagnetic ($df$) - ferromagnetic ($F$) phase transition have been researched within the framework of the finite - size scaling, the power law relations and the probability distribution. The results show that the dense ferromagnetic- ferromagnetic phase transition is of the second order and the model shows universal second order Ising critical behavior at $d=2.9$ parameter value through $k=-0.5$ line.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1012.0195

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The fcc spin-1 Ising (BEG) model has a dense ferromagnetic (dfdfdf) ground state instead of the ferromagnetic ground state at low temperature region and exhibits the dense ferromagnetic (dfdfdf) - ferromagnetic (FFF) phase transition for d=D/J=2.9d=D/J=2.9d=D/J=2.9, k=K/J=−0.5k=K/J=-0.5k=K/J=−0.5, ℓ=L/J=0\ell =L/J=0ℓ=L/J=0 and h=H/J=0h=H/J=0h=H/J=0. The critical behavior of the dense ferromagnetic (dfdfdf) - ferromagnetic (FFF) phase transition has been investigated using the cellular automaton cooling and heating algorithms. The universality class and the type of the dense ferromagnetic (dfdfdf) - ferromagnetic (FFF) phase transition have been researched within the framework of the finite - size scaling, the power law relations and the probability distribution. The results show that the dense ferromagnetic- ferromagnetic phase transition is of the second order and the model shows universal second order Ising critical behavior at d=2.9d=2.9d=2.9 parameter value through k=−0.5k=-0.5k=−0.5 line.
The simple cubic spin-1 Ising model exhibits the ferromagnetic (F)–ferromagnetic (F) phase transition in the low temperature region for the interval 1.40 < d = D/J < 1.48 at k = K/J = –0.5. The degree of the F-F phase transition determines the special point on the (kBT/J, d) phase diagram. In this paper, the critical behavior of the F-F phase transition was investigated for different heating rates using the cellular automaton heating algorithm. The universality class and the type of F-F phase transition were analyzed using the finite-size scaling theory and the power law relations. The results show that the F-F phase transition may be the second order, the first order or the weak first order depending on the heating rate in the interval 1.40 < d < 1.48 for k = –0.5.
The mixed spin 3–spin 3/2 ferrimagnetic Ising model was simulated using cooling algorithm on cellular automaton (CA). The simulations were carried out in the intervals −4 ≤ DA/J ≤ 8 and −4 ≤ DB/J ≤ 8 for the square lattices with periodic boundary conditions. The ground-state phase diagram of the model has different types of ferrimagnetic phases. Although only the antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction was contained in the Hamiltonian, the compensation points emerged through DA/J = 2 at kT/J = 0. The values of the critical exponents (ν, α , β and γ) were estimated within the framework of the finite-size scaling theory and power-law relations for the selected DA/J values (−2, 0, 1, 2, and 4). The estimated critical exponent values were in good agreement with the universal values of the two-dimensional Ising model (ν = 1, α = α′ = 0, β = 0.125, β′ = 0.875 and γ = γ′ = 1.75).
The Ising antiferromagnet on a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice with nearest-neighbor interaction only is well known to exhibit a macroscopic (exponential in the system size LLL) ground-state degeneracy. With increasing temperature, this degeneracy is expected to be lifted and the model undergoes a first-order phase transition. For a model with an exponential degeneracy in the whole low-temperature phase, it was recently found that the finite-size scaling behavior is governed by leading correction terms $\ensuremath{\sim}{L}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ instead of $\ensuremath{\sim}{L}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ as usual. To test the conjecture that such a transmuted behavior may effectively persist also for the fcc antiferromagnet up to some crossover system size, we have performed parallel multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations for lattices of linear size $L\ensuremath{\le}18$ with periodic boundary conditions and determined various inverse pseudo phase transition temperatures, as well as the extremal values of the specific heat and the energetic Binder parameter. We indeed find that, for the simulated lattice sizes, the conjectured transmuted finite-size scaling ansatz fits the data better than the standard ansatz. On this basis, we extrapolate for the transition temperature an estimate of T0=1.735047(46){T}_{0}=1.735047(46)T0​=1.735047(46).
The mixed spin 3- spin 3/2 Ising model has been simulated using cooling algorithm on cellular automaton (CA). The simulations have been made in the interval -6<=D<=6 for J=1 for the square lattices with periodic boundary conditions. The ground state phase diagram of the model has different type ferrimagnetic orderings. Through D/J=2 line, compensation points occurs at kT/J=0. The values of the critical exponents ( ν, α, β and γ) are estimated within the framework of the finite-size scaling theory and power law relations for selected D/J values (-2, 0, 1, 2 and 4). The estimated critical exponent values are in a good agreement with their universal values of the two dimensional Ising model.
We study the Ising model with competing ferromagnetic nearest- and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interactions of strengths J 1 > 0 and J 2 < 0 , respectively, on the honeycomb lattice. For J 2 > − J 1 / 4 it has a ferromagnetic ground state, and previous work has shown that at least for J 2 ≳ − 0.2 J 1 the transition is in the Ising universality class. For even lower J 2 some indicators pointing towards a first-order transition were reported. By utilizing population annealing Monte Carlo simulations together with a rejection-free and adaptive update, we can equilibrate systems with J 2 as low as − 0.23 J 1 . By means of a finite-size scaling analysis we show that the system undergoes a second-order phase transition within the Ising universality class at least down to J 2 = − 0.23 J 1 and, most likely, for all J 2 > − J 1 / 4 . As we show here, there exist very long-lived metastable states in this system explaining the first-order like behavior seen in only partially equilibrated systems.