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arXiv:1012.0050 · Journal of High Energy Physics

The continuum limit of gl(M|N) spin chains

Constantin Candu

Published Jul 1, 2011• 9 citations
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Abstract

We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M|N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All antiferromagnetic gl(n + N|N)spin chains with n, N > 0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n −2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n)Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, meaning that their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M|N) Gross-Neveu model, that is the massive deformation of the $ {{s\hat{l}}}{\left( {M\left| N \right.} \right)_1} $ Wess-Zumino-Witten model. As we can see in the example of gl(2 m|1) spin chains, the full particle spectrum is much richer. Our analysis suggests that for a complete characterization of the latter it is not enough to restrict to large volume calculations, as we do in this work.

DOI
10.1007/jhep07(2011)069

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We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M|N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All antiferromagnetic gl(n + N|N)spin chains with n, N > 0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n −2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n)Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, meaning that their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M|N) Gross-Neveu model, that is the massive deformation of the sl^(M∣N)1{{s\hat{l}}}{\left( {M\left| N \right.} \right)_1}sl^(M∣N)1​ Wess-Zumino-Witten model. As we can see in the example of gl(2 m|1) spin chains, the full particle spectrum is much richer. Our analysis suggests that for a complete characterization of the latter it is not enough to restrict to large volume calculations, as we do in this work.
We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M|N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All antiferromagnetic gl(n + N|N)spin chains with n, N > 0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n −2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n)Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, meaning that their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M|N) Gross-Neveu model, that is the massive deformation of the $ {{s\hat{l}}}{\left( {M\left| N \right.} \right)_1} $ Wess-Zumino-Witten model. As we can see in the example of gl(2 m|1) spin chains, the full particle spectrum is much richer. Our analysis suggests that for a complete characterization of the latter it is not enough to restrict to large volume calculations, as we do in this work.
Abstract We construct a Hamiltonian lattice regularisation of the N-flavour Gross-Neveu model that manifestly respects the full O(2N) symmetry, preventing the appearance of any unwanted marginal perturbations to the quantum field theory. In the context of this lattice model, the dynamical mass generation is intimately related to the Coleman-Mermin-Wagner and Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorems. In particular, the model can be interpreted as lying at the first order phase transition line between a trivial and symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase, which explains the degeneracy of the elementary kink excitations. We show that our Hamiltonian model can be solved analytically in the large N limit, producing the correct expression for the mass gap. Furthermore, we perform extensive numerical matrix product state simulations for N = 2, thereby recovering the emergent Lorentz symmetry and the proper non-perturbative mass gap scaling in the continuum limit. Finally, our simulations also reveal how the continuum limit manifests itself in the entanglement spectrum. As expected from conformal field theory we find two conformal towers, one tower spanned by the linear representations of O(4), corresponding to the trivial phase, and the other by the projective (i.e. spinor) representations, corresponding to the SPT phase.
A class of SU(n)\mathrm{SU}(n)SU(n) antiferromagnetic quantum "spin" chains is solved in the large-nnn limit. While the low-lying spectrum of the normal spin chain (n=2n=2n=2) consists of massless solitons, in the large-nnn limit the soliton is massive. Furthermore, the models exhibit many features of the CPnC{P}^{n}CPn field theories at nonzero topological charge, which, it was recently argued, they become in the limit of a large representation.
We show that while the exactly integrable spin-(3/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet is a representation of the nonlinear \ensuremath{\sigma} model with nontrivial Wess-Zumino term, the generic massless antiferromagnet has long-wavelength behavior equivalent to spin (1/2. This is demonstrated by comparing the predictions of conformal symmetry and rotational symmetry to the gaps calculated for finite chains. The leading corrections are eliminated leading to stable estimates of the conformal central charge and exponents for the spin-correlation functions.