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arXiv:1008.2033 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Narrow structure in the coherent population trapping resonances in rubidium and Rayleigh scattering

S. Gateva, Ljuan L. Gurdev, Emilia A. Alipieva, Elena T. Taskova, G. Todorov

Published Jan 18, 2011• 12 citations
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Abstract

The measurement of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances in uncoated Rb vacuum cells has shown that the shape of the resonances is different in different cells. In some cells the resonance has a complex shape—a narrow Lorentzian structure, which is not power broadened, superimposed on the power-broadened CPT resonance. The results of the performed investigations on the fluorescence angular distribution are in agreement with the assumption that the narrow structure is a result of atom interaction with Rayleigh-scattering light. The results are interesting for indication of the vacuum cleanness of the cells and building of magnetooptical sensors.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/44/3/035401

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Physical Review A•Jul 13, 2011•12 citations
The measurement of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances in uncoated Rb vacuum cells has shown that the shape of the resonances is different in different cells. In some cells the resonance has a complex shape—a narrow Lorentzian structure, which is not power broadened, superimposed on the power-broadened CPT resonance. The results of the performed investigations on the fluorescence angular distribution are in agreement with the assumption that the narrow structure is a result of atom interaction with Rayleigh-scattering light. The results are interesting for indication of the vacuum cleanness of the cells and building of magnetooptical sensors.
The fast development of CPT applications and the need of good magnetooptical sensors result in an increased interest in the Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) resonances and the processes that determine their shape. In this work the shape and width of the CPT resonances are investigated in two different paraffin-coated Rb vapor cells from point of view of understanding the processes influencing the shape of the resonances and building of miniature and sensitive detector. The dependence of the shape of the resonances on the laser power is measured. Narrow resonances on three hyperfine transitions of the D1 87Rb line are registered. For explanation of the bright structure in the resonance shapes at low laser powers analysis of the influence of different processes is made.
The investigation of the coherent-population-trapping (CPT) resonance on the degenerate two-level system of the $({F}_{g}=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{e}=1)$ transition of the 87RbD1^{87}\mathrm{Rb}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{D}_{1}87RbD1​ line by means of a Hanle effect configuration in an uncoated vacuum cell [Opt. Lett. 28, 1817 (2003)] has shown that the measured in fluorescence resonance has a complex shape---a very narrow (about 1 mG) structure superimposed on a broader one (about few tens of mG). In this work, the dependence of the width and amplitude of the CPT resonance structures are measured at different laser power densities when the registration is in fluorescence and transmission. While the narrow resonance width does not change within the limits of the accuracy of our measurements, the wide resonance width dependence is complex and is different in fluorescence and transmission. The origins of the observed resonance width narrowing of the CPT resonance structures registered in fluorescence and transmission are discussed.
The investigation of the coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance on the degenerate two-level system of the (Fg=2→Fe=1) transition of the 87Rb D1 line by means of Hanle effect configuration in an uncoated vacuum cell (Opt. Lett. 28, 1817, 2003), has shown that the measured in fluorescence resonance has a complex shape: a very narrow (about 1mG) resonance superimposed on a broader one (about few tens mG). In this work the narrow and wide CPT resonances are registered in fluorescence, transmitted light and Faraday rotation. The dependence of the CPT resonances structures width and amplitude are measured at different laser power densities when the registration was in fluorescence and transmission. While the narrow resonance width doesn't change in the limits of the accuracy of our measurements, the wide resonance width dependence is complex and it is different in fluorescence and transmission. The origin of the observed dependencies and the differences between CPT signals observed in fluorescence and transmission are discussed.
The shape of the coherent-population-trapping (CPT) resonances was investigated theoretically and experimentally at different laser powers. The CPT resonances were observed in fluorescence on the degenerate two-level system of the $({F}_{\ensuremath{\varphi}}=2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{F}_{f}=1)$ transition of the 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb D1{D}_{1}D1​ line by means of a Hanle effect configuration in an uncoated vacuum cell. Numerical simulations based on the density matrix formalism, which take into account the high-rank polarization moment (HRPMs) influence and the velocity distribution of the atoms, were used to calculate the shape of the nonlinear magnetic resonances. The comparison of the theoretical and experimental shapes of the CPT resonances demonstrated that the HRPMs influence the shape at all laser excitation powers, and this influence can be used to explain some peculiarities at the center of the CPT resonance shape.
An investigation is reported of coherent resonance in the degenerate two-level system of the (Fg = 2 --> Fe = 1) transition of the 87Rb D1 line by means of a Hanle effect configuration. In a coherent population trapping experiment, a very narrow (approximately 1-kHz) resonance superimposed upon a broader resonance (approximately 100 kHz) was observed. The dependence of the width and the amplitude of the coherent resonance on the laser power density, on additional constant magnetic fields, on the laser frequency position along the fluorescence profile, and on Rb cells with different dimensions was investigated.
We present a detailed study of coherent population trapping (CPT) in the Hanle configuration in sodium atoms confined inside a glass cell and irradiated with a broadband multimode dye laser light resonant with the D1{D}_{1}D1​ line. The presence of several modes spaced by tens of MHz is effective in inhibiting hyperfine optical pumping, thus reducing losses and allowing for efficient trapping. A narrow resonance, whose width is of the order of 1 mG, is observed superimposed on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance. Such a structure is more than two orders of magnitude narrower than the broader one, with significantly reduced power broadening. In order to describe this phenomenon, we developed a theoretical model, based on numerical solutions of density matrix equations, which takes into account the peculiarity of CPT induced by broadband multimode laser light. Results are shown to be in very good agreement with the experimental data. In this framework, the small width and the small amount of power broadening exhibited by this narrow spectral structure are related to the time spent by the atoms to re-enter the laser beam volume after collisions that preserve the orientation. This study offers insight into the mechanisms of atoms depolarization caused by collisions with the cell walls and represents a starting point for the development of techniques for the diagnostics of cell-coating parameters and new applications in metrology and magnetometry.