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arXiv:1007.1892 · Physical Review A

Ground state of the polar alkali-metal-atom–strontium molecules: Potential energy curve and permanent dipole moment

R. Guérout, M Aymar, Olivier Dulieu

Published Oct 15, 2010• 97 citations
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Abstract

In this study, we investigate the structure of the polar alkali-metal-atom--strontium diatomic molecules as possible candidates for the realization of samples of ultracold polar molecular species not yet investigated experimentally. Using a quantum chemistry approach based on effective core potentials and core polarization potentials, we model these systems as effective three-valence-electron systems, allowing for calculation of electronic properties with full configuration interaction. The potential curve and the permanent dipole moment of the ${}^{2}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}$ ground state are determined as functions of the internuclear distance for LiSr, NaSr, KSr, RbSr, and CsSr molecules. These molecules are found to exhibit a significant permanent dipole moment, though smaller than those of the alkali-metal-atom--Rb molecules.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.042508

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The potential energy curves, permanent and transition dipole moments, and the static dipo-lar polarizability, of molecular ions composed of one alkali-metal atom and a Strontium ion are determined with a quantum chemistry approach. The molecular ions are treated as effective two-electron systems and are treated using effective core potentials including core polarization, large gaussian basis sets, and full configuration interaction. In the perspective of upcoming experiments aiming at merging cold atom and cold ion traps, possible paths for radiative charge exchange, photoassociation of a cold Lithium or Rubidium atom and a Strontium ion are discussed, as well as the formation of stable molecular ions. PACS numbers: 31.15.AR,31.15.Ct,31.50.Be,31.50.Df ∗O. Dulieu:

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In this study, we investigate the structure of the polar alkali-metal-atom--strontium diatomic molecules as possible candidates for the realization of samples of ultracold polar molecular species not yet investigated experimentally. Using a quantum chemistry approach based on effective core potentials and core polarization potentials, we model these systems as effective three-valence-electron systems, allowing for calculation of electronic properties with full configuration interaction. The potential curve and the permanent dipole moment of the 2\ensuremathΣ+{}^{2}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{+}2\ensuremathΣ+ ground state are determined as functions of the internuclear distance for LiSr, NaSr, KSr, RbSr, and CsSr molecules. These molecules are found to exhibit a significant permanent dipole moment, though smaller than those of the alkali-metal-atom--Rb molecules.
In this study, we investigate the structure of the polar alkali-Strontium diatomic molecules as possible candidates for the realization of samples of new species of ultracold polar molecules. Using a quantum chemistry approach based on Effective Core Potentials and Core Polarization Potentials, we model these systems as effective three valence electron systems, allowing for calculation of electronic properties with Full Configuration Interaction. The potential curve and the permanent dipole moment of the 2Σ+^2\Sigma^+2Σ+ ground state are determined as functions of the internuclear distances for LiSr, NaSr, KSr, RbSr, and CsSr molecules. These molecules are found to exhibit a significant permanent dipole moment, though smaller than those of the alkali-Rb molecules.
Ultracold diatomic molecules find application in quantum studies ranging from controlled chemistry and precision measurement physics to quantum many-body simulation and potentially quantum computing. Accurate knowledge of molecular properties is required to guide and explain ongoing experiments. Here, in an extensive and comparative study, we theoretically investigate the electronic properties of the ground-state diatomic molecules composed of alkali-metal (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) and alkaline-earth-metal (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) atoms. We study 78 heteronuclear and homonuclear diatomic combinations, including 21 alkali-metal molecules in the ${X}^{1}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ and ${a}^{3}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ electronic states, 36 alkali-metal--alkaline-earth-metal molecules in the ${X}^{2}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ electronic state, and 21 alkaline-earth-metal molecules in the ${X}^{1}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}^{+}$ electronic state. We calculate potential energy curves, permanent electric dipole moments, and polarizabilities using the hierarchy of coupled-cluster methods up to CCSDTQ with large Gaussian basis sets and small-core relativistic energy-consistent pseudopotentials. We collect and analyze corresponding spectroscopic constants. We estimate computational uncertainties and compare the present values with previous experimental and theoretical data to establish a different theoretical benchmark. The presented results should be useful for further application of the studied molecules in modern ultracold physics and chemistry experiments.
The potential energy curves, permanent and transition dipole moments, and the static dipolar polarizability, of molecular ions composed of one alkali-metal atom and a strontium ion are determined with a quantum chemistry approach. The molecular ions are treated as effective two-electron systems and are treated using effective core potentials including core polarization, large gaussian basis sets, and full configuration interaction. In the perspective of upcoming experiments aiming at merging cold atom and cold ion traps, possible paths for radiative charge exchange, photoassociation of a cold lithium or rubidium atom and a strontium ion are discussed, as well as the formation of stable molecular ions.
The accurate knowledge of electronic properties is important for creating and manufacturing ultracold molecules. We report here the ab initio quantum chemistry calculations on the properties of alkali-metal-ytterbium AM-Yb (AM = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) and alkaline-earth-metal-ytterbium AEM-Yb (AEM = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) molecules for their electronic ground state. The potential energy curves (PECs) and permanent dipole moments (PDMs) are calculated on the basis of the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) level of theory, where the core-valence correlations and scalar relativistic effects are included. The related spectroscopic constants are also determined. The results demonstrate that the dissociation energies and PDMs of AEM-Yb are smaller than those of AM-Yb molecules, and an interesting trend of the dissociation energy has been observed. This work provides favorable information for the experimental study of forming ultracold molecules via photoassociation technique.
This paper deals with the electronic structure of RbSr, a molecule possessing both a magnetic dipole moment and an electric dipole moment in its own frame, allowing its manipulation with external fields. Two complementary ab initio approaches are used for the ground and lowest excited states: first, an approach relying on optimized effective core potentials with core polarization potentials based on a full configuration interaction involving three valence electrons and second, an approach using a small-size effective core potential with 19 correlated electrons in the framework of coupled-cluster theory. We have found excellent agreement between these two approaches for the ground-state properties including the permanent dipole moment. We have focused on studies of excited states correlated to the two lowest asymptotes Rb(5p2P)\mathrm{Rb}(5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}P)Rb(5p2P)+Sr(5s21S)+\mathrm{Sr}(5{s}^{2}{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}S)+Sr(5s21S) and Rb(5s2S)\mathrm{Rb}(5s{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}S)Rb(5s2S)+Sr(5s5p3P)+\mathrm{Sr}(5s5p{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{3}P)+Sr(5s5p3P) relevant for ongoing experiments on ultracold quantum degenerate gases. We also present approximate potential curves including spin-orbit interaction based on atomic spin-orbit constants. These potential curves are an excellent starting point for experimental studies of molecular structure of RbSr using high-resolution spectroscopy.
The potential energy curves, permanent and transition dipole moments, and the static dipo-lar polarizability, of molecular ions composed of one alkali-metal atom and a Strontium ion are determined with a quantum chemistry approach. The molecular ions are treated as effective two-electron systems and are treated using effective core potentials including core polarization, large gaussian basis sets, and full configuration interaction. In the perspective of upcoming experiments aiming at merging cold atom and cold ion traps, possible paths for radiative charge exchange, photoassociation of a cold Lithium or Rubidium atom and a Strontium ion are discussed, as well as the formation of stable molecular ions. PACS numbers: 31.15.AR,31.15.Ct,31.50.Be,31.50.Df ∗O. Dulieu: