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arXiv:1006.5595 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Dark resonances in the field of frequency-shifted feedback laser radiation

V. I. Romanenko, A V Romanenko, Леонід Петрович Яценко, Georgy A. Kazakov, A N Litvinov, Boris G. Matisov, Yu. Rozhdestvensky

Published Oct 19, 2010• 9 citations
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Abstract

We present a theory of dark resonances in a fluorescence of a three-level atom gas interacting with a polychromatic field of a frequency shifted feedback (FSF) laser. We show that conditions for the resonance observation are optimal when the phase relations between the laser spectral components provide generation of a light pulses train. We study analytically the field broadening and the light shift of the resonances.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/43/21/215402

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We present a theory of dark resonances in a fluorescence of a three-level atom gas interacting with a polychromatic field of a frequency shifted feedback (FSF) laser. We show that conditions for the resonance observation are optimal when the phase relations between the laser spectral components provide generation of a light pulses train. We study analytically the field broadening and the light shift of the resonances.
This paper presents a theoretical study of the light-induced shift of the coherent population trapping resonance. An analytical model is proposed that describes the interaction of two radiation components with an atomic system using a ΛΛΛ scheme and takes into account an additional level of excited state. Both weak and strong coupling regimes with off-resonant transitions are considered. It is shown that, in addition to the conventional dynamic Stark shift, an extra shift arises due to the distortion of the resonance line shape when bichromatic laser radiation interacts with off-resonant atomic transitions. An analytical expression for this additional shift is derived in the weak-coupling limit, and its significant impact on the resonance shape and sensitivity to the intensities of the laser field components is demonstrated. It is found that under strong coupling conditions, the additional shift can deviate substantially from a linear dependence on light intensity, suggesting new opportunities for controlling light shifts in precision atomic devices such as quantum frequency standards.
The interaction between a three-level atom and a polychromatic field with an equidistant spectrum (Λ-scheme of the atom--field interaction) has been studied theoretically. It is shown that the interaction of an atom with such a field can be reduced to its interaction with a bichromatic field with additional light shifts of transition frequencies and an additional coupling of the lower atomic levels, which is proportional to the field intensity. Owing to this coupling, the idea of the coherent population trapping can be considered only as an approximation, because the dark state is not an eigenstate of the effective Hamiltonian in the general case of arbitrary dipole moments. The analyzed model gives a simple theoretical interpretation for the formation of the atomic state, which is close to the coherent population trapping, in the radiation field of a femtosecond laser.
Optical dark resonance in systems with arbitrary multilevels and multiphotons is studied theoretically. When the system configuration is treelike (the term of graph theory), all the coherence terms in the system can be categorized into several groups on dark resonance. It is proved for generic system configurations with arbitrary multilevels that the resonance conditions can be obtained successively by setting the determinant of the submatrix of the Hamiltonian with respect to each group to zero. We calculate, as one of the practical examples, all the conditions of dark resonance of potassium atoms with two laser fields and one rf field mixing one excited state and eight ground states in the hyperfine structure. Although the system configuration is very complicated, the condition is easily obtained in an analytic form and verified by the result of a numerical simulation. Furthermore, our theory can reveal the fine structure of dark lines with power broadening in the observed light-induced-fluorescence spectra and numerical calculations. In addition, the dark lines with the complicated splitting pattern observed in experiments can be assigned to the relevant level configuration and transitions by the present theory. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
It is shown that the interaction of three standing-wave light beams with a low-pressure gas gives rise to a narrow absorption power resonance. The width of this resonance is related to the transit time of gas atoms between the beams. The weak-field case is analyzed. A formula for a Held of arbitrary intensity is obtained for the situation when the dimensions of the beams are much smaller than the distances between them. Numerical calculations are reported of the resonance amplitude and profile. Optimal (in respect of the field intensity) conditions for the observation of the effect are determined. If the distances between the beams are sufficiently large, it should be possible to observe resonances of width equal to the homogeneous width of atomic radiation lines in spite of the considerable field and transit broadening. The possibility of using this power resonance in stabilization of the emission frequency of gas lasers is considered.
We describe the resonance fluorescence spectrum of an atomic three-level system where two of the states are coupled by a single monochromatic laser field. The influence of the third energy level, which interacts with the two laser-coupled states only via radiative decays, is studied in detail. For a suitable choice of parameters, this system gives rise to a very narrow structure at the laser frequency in the fluorescence spectrum which is not present in the spectrum of a two-level atom. We find those parameter ranges by a numerical analysis and use the results to derive analytical expressions for the additional narrow peak. We also derive an exact expression for the peak intensity under the assumption that a random telegraph model is applicable to the system. This model and a simple spring model are then used to describe the physical origins of the additional peak. Using these results, we explain the connection between our system, a three-level system in the V configuration where both transitions are laser driven, and a related experiment that was recently reported.