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arXiv:1006.0188 · Physical Review Letters

Coherent Control of Interacting Particles Using Dynamical and Aharonov-Bohm Phases

C. E. Creffield, Gloria Platero

Published Aug 19, 2010• 51 citations
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Abstract

A powerful method of manipulating the dynamics of quantum coherent particles is to control the phase of their tunneling. We consider a system of two electrons hopping on a quasi-one-dimensional lattice in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and study the effect of adding a time-periodic driving potential. We show that the dynamical phases produced by the driving can combine with the Aharonov-Bohm phases to give precise control of the localization and dynamics of the particles, even in the presence of strong particle interactions.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.105.086804

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•Jan 1, 2009•0 citations
A powerful method of manipulating the dynamics of quantum coherent particles is to control the phase of their tunneling. We consider a system of two electrons hopping on a quasi-one-dimensional lattice in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and study the effect of adding a time-periodic driving potential. We show that the dynamical phases produced by the driving can combine with the Aharonov-Bohm phases to give precise control of the localization and dynamics of the particles, even in the presence of strong particle interactions.
We propose a scheme for producing directed motion in a lattice system by applying a periodic driving potential. By controlling the dynamics by means of the effect known as coherent destruction of tunneling, we demonstrate a novel ratchetlike effect that enables particles to be coherently manipulated and steered without requiring local control. Entanglement between particles can also be controllably generated, which points to the attractive possibility of using this technique for quantum information processing.
The dynamics of cold bosonic atoms held in an optical lattice can be profoundly modified by using a periodic driving potential to induce the quantum interference effect termed "coherent destruction of tunneling". In this way the entanglement and localization of individual particles [1] can be very precisely controlled, pointing to the attractive possibility of using these systems for quantum information processing. This tunneling control also allows the effects of inter-particle interactions to be manipulated in a novel fashion, thereby giving precise control of the quantum phase transition [2] between the Mott insulator and the superfluid, and also providing a convenient means to manipulate the self-trapping effect [3].
The resonant tunneling of correlated bosons in optical lattices is investigated in the presence of doubly modulated AC-fields. The effective hopping coefficients are density-dependent. We can make use of this property to control the migration of a pair of strongly interacting particles in one- or two-dimensional uniform lattices via properly manipulating the phases, frequencies and amplitudes of the driven fields. We design a bifurcating quantum motion of the pair in contrast to the coherent quantum walk of the correlated pair in the absence of external fields.
We study the effect of a strong, oscillating driving field on the dynamics of ultracold bosons held in an optical lattice. Modeling the system as a Bose-Hubbard model, we show how the driving field can be used to produce and maintain a coherent atomic current by controlling the phase of the intersite tunneling processes. We investigate both the stroboscopic and time-averaged behavior using Floquet theory, and demonstrate that this procedure provides a stable and precise method of controlling coherent quantum systems.
We analyze the dynamics of a ground state two-level system built on the spatial distribution of the system wave function and designed to be well-separated from the remainder of the state space. With a total of two operative electrons on a planar array of quantum dots coupled capacitively to a set of external voltage gates, the system is modeled using an extended Hubbard Hamiltonian. The voltage dependence of the low-energy singlet and triplet states is analyzed, respectively, using the Feshbach formalism. Coherent operation of the array is studied with respect to single quantum bit operations. One quantum gate is implemented via voltage controls, while for the necessary second quantum gate, a uniform external magnetic field is introduced. The Aharonov-Bohm phases on the closed loop tunnel connections in the array are used to effectively suppress the tunneling, despite a constant tunneling amplitude in the structure. This allows one to completely stall the qubit in any arbitrary quantum superposition, providing full control of this interesting quantum system.
The aim to control the internal and external degrees of freedom of quantum systems is of great interest for many fields of physics and chemistry. One opportunity to realize such a coherent control is provided by strong, time depended, external fields. In this work the experimental realization of a model-system is presented. The coherent control of the tunneling dynamics of single atoms by means of a time-periodic, external field is demonstrated. Depending on the parameters of the driving force the tunneling rate can be varied up to a total suppression of the tunneling process in the extreme. This type of dynamical localization is known as "coherent destruction of tunneling". The experimental setup allows a direct access to the tunneling dynamics of single atoms in a double well structure and enables great freedom concerning the parameters. Not only the double well potential, the driving frequency and the driving amplitude can be varied, but also the temporal and spatial symmetry of the driving. A coherent beam of slow, metastable argon atoms serves as source of particles, which can be detected spatially resolved enabling the direct observation of the tunneling dynamics in momentum space.