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arXiv:1005.4510 · Physical Review A

Experimental investigation of the non-Markovian dynamics of classical and quantum correlations

Jin‐Shi Xu, Chuan‐Feng Li, Chengjie Zhang, Xiao‐Ye Xu, Yong-Sheng Zhang, Guang‐Can Guo

Published Oct 21, 2010• 74 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We experimentally investigate the dynamics of classical and quantum correlations of a Bell diagonal state in a non-Markovian dephasing environment. The sudden transition from a classical to a quantum decoherence regime is observed during the dynamics of a Bell diagonal state. Due to the refocusing effect of the overall relative phase, the quantum correlation revives from near zero and then decays again in the subsequent evolution. However, the non-Markovian effect is too weak to revive the classical correlation, which remains constant in the same evolution range. With the implementation of an optical ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{x}$ operation, the sudden transition from a quantum to a classical revival regime is obtained, and correlation echoes are formed. Our method can be used to control the revival time of correlations, which would be important in quantum memory.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.042328

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We experimentally investigate the dynamics of classical and quantum correlations of a Bell diagonal state in a non-Markovian dephasing environment. The sudden transition from a classical to a quantum decoherence regime is observed during the dynamics of a Bell diagonal state. Due to the refocusing effect of the overall relative phase, the quantum correlation revives from near zero and then decays again in the subsequent evolution. However, the non-Markovian effect is too weak to revive the classical correlation, which remains constant in the same evolution range. With the implementation of an optical \ensuremathσx{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{x}\ensuremathσx​ operation, the sudden transition from a quantum to a classical revival regime is obtained, and correlation echoes are formed. Our method can be used to control the revival time of correlations, which would be important in quantum memory.
Abstract We investigate the freezing and sudden transition in the dynamical behavior of quantum and classical correlations in a system composed of two identical non-interacting qubits locally subjected to their own non-equilibrium environments. In contrast to the equilibrium case, one can observe striking results when a bipartite quantum system couples with the non-equilibrium dephasing environment with non-stationary and non-Markovian features. Remarkably, the finite time interval in which the quantum correlation remains impervious to decoherence can be further prolonged as the environment deviates from equilibrium. This reveals that the non-equilibrium parameter provides an alternative tool to efficiently control the appearance of a sudden transition in the decay rates of correlations and their immunity towards the decoherence. Furthermore, for certain initial states, the appearance of another time-interval over which quantum correlation remains constant and the revival of classical correlation not only depends on the non-Markovianity but also on the non-equilibrium parameter.
"We investigate the dynamics of quantum correlation of two qubits under local dephasing channels. We demonstrate the constancy of quantum correlation for long interval of times despite the detrimental effects of the environments. The natural protection of quantum correlation is accompanied by losses of classical correlation. At a sharp time, quantum and classical correlations exchange their roles: quantum corre- lation starts to decay while classical correlations become constant. We have called this phenomenon “sudden transition between classical and quantum decoherence” [Physical Review Letters 104, 200401 (2010)] . Such a dynamical feature is not the result of the Markovian approximation, but it appears in a much richer way also in the non-Markovian scenario."
Quantum walks act in obviously different ways from their classical counterparts, but decoherence will lessen and close this gap between them. To understand this process, it is necessary to investigate the evolution of quantum walks under different decoherence situations. In this article, we study a non-Markovian decoherent quantum walk on a line. In a short time regime, the behavior of the walk deviates from both ideal quantum walks and classical random walks. The position variance as a measure of the quantum walk collapses and revives for a short time, and tends to have a linear relation with time. That is, the walker's behavior shows a diffusive spread over a long time limit, which is caused by non-Markovian dephasing affecting the quantum correlations between the quantum walker and his coin. We also study both quantum discord and measurement-induced disturbance as measures of the quantum correlations, and observe both collapse and revival in the short time regime, and the tendency to be zero in the long time limit. Therefore, quantum walks with non-Markovian decoherence tend to have diffusive spreading behavior over long time limits, while in the short time regime they oscillate between ballistic and diffusive spreading behavior, and the quantum correlation collapses and revives due to the memory effect.
We investigate the preservation and dynamics of entanglement and Bell nonlocality in a two-photon system subject to local dephasing, particularly emphasizing environments exhibiting non-Markovian memory effects. By analyzing the interplay between entanglement, as measured by concurrence, and Bell inequality violation, we identify time regions where Bell inequality is not violated, even when concurrence remains high. This indicates that strongly entangled states do not always exhibit nonclassical correlations with certainty. Our study further explores the effects of refractive index variations, spectral width, and interaction symmetry, demonstrating how structured environments and controlled environmental interactions can mitigate decoherence and enhance the resilience of quantum correlations. We propose that these theoretical predictions can be tested using modifications of recent experimental optical setups. These findings provide valuable insights into the conditions under which quantum correlations remain irreproducible by classical local hidden-variable models, with direct implications for quantum communication, quantum information processing, and foundational studies in quantum mechanics. Furthermore, our findings highlight the crucial importance of quantum coherence in maintaining entanglement and nonlocality over extended time evolution. These results show remarkable alignment with the experimental observations, demonstrating high accuracy and consistency within the expected parameter range.
Correlations in quantum systems exhibit a rich phenomenology under the effect of various sources of noise. We investigate theoretically and experimentally the dynamics of quantum correlations and their classical counterparts in two nuclear magnetic resonance setups, as measured by geometric quantifiers based on trace norm. We consider two-qubit systems prepared in Bell diagonal states, and perform the experiments in real decohering environments resulting from Markovian local noise which preserves the Bell diagonal form of the states. We then report the first observation of environment-induced double sudden transitions in the geometric quantum correlations, a genuinely nonclassical effect not observable in classical correlations. The evolution of classical correlations in our physical implementation reveals in turn the finite-time relaxation to a pointer basis under nondissipative decoherence, which we characterize geometrically in full analogy with predictions based on entropic measures.
Stochastic resetting describes dynamics which are reinitialized to a reference state at random times. These protocols are attracting significant interest: they can stabilize nonequilibrium stationary states, generate correlations in noninteracting systems, and enable optimal search strategies. While a constant reset probability results in a Markovian dynamics, much less is known about non-Markovian effects in quantum stochastic resetting. Here, we analyze memory effects in these processes -- examining the evolution of quantum states and of observables -- through witnesses of non-Markovianity for open quantum systems. We focus on discrete-time reset processes, which are of particular interest as they can be implemented on existing gate-operated quantum devices. We show that these processes are generically described by non-divisible maps and, in non-classical scenarios where the effective reset probability can become negative, can feature revivals in the state distinguishability. Our results reveal non-Markovian effects in quantum stochastic resetting and show that a time-dependent reset may be exploited to engineer enhanced stationary quantum correlations.