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arXiv:1005.2763 · Physical Review A

Quantum interference and sub-Poissonian statistics for time-modulated driven dissipative nonlinear oscillators

T. V. Gevorgyan, A. R. Shahinyan, Gagik Yu. Kryuchkyan

Published May 18, 2009• 28 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We show that quantum-interference phenomena can be realized for the dissipative nonlinear systems exhibiting hysteresis-cycle behavior and quantum chaos. Such results are obtained for a driven dissipative nonlinear oscillator with time-dependent parameters and take place for the regimes of long time intervals exceeding dissipation time and for macroscopic levels of oscillatory excitation numbers. Two schemas of time modulation, (i) periodic variation in the strength of the $\ensuremath{\chi}(3)$ nonlinearity; (ii) periodic modulation of the amplitude of the driving force, are considered. These effects are obtained within the framework of phase-space quantum distributions. It is demonstrated that the Wigner functions of oscillatory mode in both bistable and chaotic regimes acquire negative values and interference patterns in parts of phase-space due to appropriately time modulation of the oscillatory nonlinear dynamics. It is also shown that the time modulation of the oscillatory parameters essentially improves the degree of sub-Poissonian statistics of excitation numbers.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.79.053828

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We study the phenomena at the overlap of quantum chaos and nonclassical statistics for the time-dependent model of nonlinear oscillator. It is shown in the framework of Mandel Q parameter and Wigner function that the statistics of oscillatory excitation numbers is drastically changed in the order-to-chaos transition. The essential improvement of sub-Poissonian statistics in comparison with an analogous one for the standard model of driven anharmonic oscillator is observed for the regular operational regime. It is shown that in the chaotic regime, the system exhibits the range of sub-Poissonian and super-Poissonian statistics which alternate one to other depending on time intervals. Unusual dependence of the variance of oscillatory number on the external noise level for the chaotic dynamics is observed. The scaling invariance of the quantum statistics is demonstrated and its relation to dissipation and decoherence is studied.
We study nonlinear phenomena of bistability and chaos at a level of few quanta. For this purpose, we consider a single-mode dissipative oscillator with strong Kerr nonlinearity with respect to the dissipation rate driven by a monochromatic force as well as by a train of Gaussian pulses. The quantum effects and decoherence in the oscillatory mode are investigated in the framework of the purity of states and the Wigner functions calculated from the master equation. We demonstrate the quantum chaotic regime by means of a comparison between the contour plots of the Wigner functions and the strange attractors on the classical Poincaré section. Considering bistability at a low limit of quanta, we analyze the minimal level of excitation numbers at which the bistable regime of the system is displayed. We also discuss the formation of an oscillatory chaotic regime by varying oscillatory excitation numbers at ranges of a few quanta. We demonstrate quantum-interference phenomena that are assisted hysteresis-cycle behavior and quantum chaos for the oscillator driven by a train of Gaussian pulses. We establish the border of quantum-classical correspondence for chaotic regimes in the case of strong nonlinearities.
We discuss some problems of dissipative chaos for open quantum systems in the framework of semiclassical and quantum distributions. For this goal, we propose a driven nonlinear oscillator with time-dependent coefficients, i.e. with time-dependent Kerr-nonlinearity and time-modulated driving field. This model showing both regular and chaotic dynamics in the classical limit is realized in several experimental schemes. Quantum dissipative chaos is analyzed on the base of numerical method of quantum trajectories. Three quantities are studied: the Wigner function of oscillatory mode from the point of view of quantum-assemble theory and both semiclassical Poincare section and quantum Poincare section calculated on a single quantum trajectory. The comparatively analysis of these distributions for various operational chaotic regimes of the models is performed, as well as scaling invariance in dissipative chaos and quantum interference effects assisted by chaos are discussed.
We discuss some problems of dissipative chaos for open quantum systems in the framework of semiclassical and quantum distributions.For this goal, we propose a driven nonlinear oscillator with time-dependent coefficients, i.e. with time-dependent Kerr-nonlinearity and time-modulated driving field.This model showing both regular and chaotic dynamics in the classical limit is realized in several experimental schemes.Quantum dissipative chaos is analyzed on the base of numerical method of quantum trajectories.Three quantities are studied: the Wigner function of oscillatory mode from the point of view of quantum-assemble theory and both semiclassical Poincaré section and quantum Poincaré section calculated on a single quantum trajectory.The comparatively analysis of these distributions for various operational chaotic regimes of the models is performed, as well as scaling invariance in dissipative chaos and quantum interference effects assisted by chaos are discussed.
A quantum manifestation of chaotic classical dynamics is found in the framework of oscillatory number statistics for the model of a nonlinear dissipative oscillator. It is shown that the probability distributions and variances of oscillatory number states are strongly transformed in the order-to-chaos transition. A nonclassical, sub-Poissonian statistics of oscillatory excitation numbers is established for chaotic dissipative dynamics in the framework of the Fano factor and Wigner functions. It is proposed to use these results in experimental studies of the quantum dissipative chaos.
We consider a system consisting of a large individual quantum dot with excitonic resonance coupled to a single-mode photonic cavity in the nonlinear regime when exciton-exciton interaction becomes important. Quantum statistics of coupled exciton-photon modes is studied for two regimes of driving: a monochromatic input field and a field with periodically time-modulated amplitude. We show that sub-Poissonian statistics for both modes are realized in the case of monochromatic driving for transient and steady-state regimes in the presence of decoherence and cavity-induced feedback. We also demonstrate that variances of quantum fluctuations of photon and exciton numbers display oscillations in the case of modulated input. In this case, we show an improvement of the degree of sub-Poissonian statistics and antibunching for both modes at periodic sequence of definite time intervals in comparison with the case of the steady-state regime for monochromatic driving. We also observe the Wigner functions with negative values in phase space for a time-modulated exciton-photon system.