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arXiv:1005.0050 · Physical Review A

Efficient quantum entanglement distribution over an arbitrary collective-noise channel

Yu‐Bo Sheng, Fu‐Guo Deng

Published Apr 30, 2010• 71 citations
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Abstract

We present an efficient quantum entanglement distribution over an arbitrary collective-noise channel. The basic idea in the present scheme is that two parties in quantum communication first transmit the entangled states in the frequency degree of freedom which suffers little from the noise in an optical fiber. After the two parties share the photon pairs, they add some operations and equipments to transfer the frequency entanglement of pairs into the polarization entanglement with the success probability of $100%$. Finally, they can get maximally entangled polarization states with polarization independent wavelength division multiplexers and quantum frequency up-conversion which can erase distinguishability for frequency. Compared with conventional entanglement purification protocols, the present scheme works in a deterministic way in principle. Surprisingly, the collective noise leads to an additional advantage.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.81.042332

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We present an efficient quantum entanglement distribution over an arbitrary collective-noise channel. The basic idea in the present scheme is that two parties in quantum communication first transmit the entangled states in the frequency degree of freedom which suffers little from the noise in an optical fiber. After the two parties share the photon pairs, they add some operations and equipments to transfer the frequency entanglement of pairs into the polarization entanglement with the success probability of 100100%100. Finally, they can get maximally entangled polarization states with polarization independent wavelength division multiplexers and quantum frequency up-conversion which can erase distinguishability for frequency. Compared with conventional entanglement purification protocols, the present scheme works in a deterministic way in principle. Surprisingly, the collective noise leads to an additional advantage.
We present an efficient faithful polarization entanglement distribution protocol for W state over an arbitrary noise channel, which use the frequency degree of freedom to carry the entanglement during the transmission. We describe the transmission of three-photon W state as an example, and then generalize this scheme to n-qubit W state situation. The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled W states on the polarization of photons, and the success probability is 100% in principle. As there was few entanglement purification for W state, our scheme is an efficient and practical method to share W state entanglement between distant parties, which will be useful in quantum communication. We also show that our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary multi-particle entangled state.
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The faithful distribution of entanglement over noisy channels is a vital prerequisite for many quantum technological applications. Quantum information can be encoded in different degrees of freedom (DOF) of photons, where each encoding comes with its own advantages and disadvantages with respect to noise resilience and practicality in manipulation. In this work, we experimentally implement a deterministic entanglement purification protocol that allows us to faithfully distribute entanglement in one DOF over a noisy channel and then remotely transfer it to another DOF for manipulation. In particular, we distribute robust energy-time entanglement and transfer it to polarization entanglement at the communicating parties. The remotely obtained polarization state is independent of the polarization noise during distribution and reaches fidelities to a Bell state of up to $97.6\mathrm{%}$. Our scheme enables robust and efficient polarization entanglement distribution in the presence of arbitrary polarization noise, which is relevant for future large-scale quantum networks.
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We present an efficient strategy for sharing multipartite polarization entanglement between distant locations via the noisy channel assisted by the time-bin degree of freedom. We demonstrate an entanglement purification protocol for the three-qubit Greenberge–Horne–Zeilinger state and an entanglement distribution protocol for the three-qubit W state. We also generalize the protocol to distribute arbitrary N-photon polarization states to N distant locations. Our schemes do not consume a large number of less-entangled systems and the remote parties can share the desired state in a deterministic way with 100% fidelity in principle. These advantages make our method useful and practical in long-distance quantum communication.
We present an efcient faithful multipartite polarization entanglement distribution protocol over an arbitrary noisy channel.The spatial degree of freedom is used to carry the entanglement during the transmission.We describe the principle by distributing n-qubit Greenberge–Horne–Zeilinger state and n-qubit W state.Our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary n-qubit entangled states to n distant locations.The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled states deterministically on the polarization of photons.Only passive linear optics are employed in our setup,which makes our scheme more feasible and efcient for practical application in long distance quantum communication.