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arXiv:1004.4353 · Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment

On the nonlinear response of a particle interacting with fermions in a 1D lattice

X. Zotos

Published Dec 6, 2010• 1 citation
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Abstract

By the Bethe ansatz method we study the energy dispersion of a particle interacting by a local interaction with fermions (or hard core bosons) of equal mass in a one-dimensional lattice. We focus on the period of the Bloch oscillations, which turns out to be related to the Fermi wavevector of the Fermi sea and in particular on how this dispersion emerges as a collective effect in the thermodynamic limit. We also discuss the adiabatic coherent collective response of the system to an applied field.

DOI
10.1088/1742-5468/2010/12/l12003

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By the Bethe ansatz method we study the energy dispersion of a particle interacting by a local interaction with fermions (or hard core bosons) of equal mass in a one-dimensional lattice. We focus on the period of the Bloch oscillations, which turns out to be related to the Fermi wavevector of the Fermi sea and in particular on how this dispersion emerges as a collective effect in the thermodynamic limit. We also discuss the adiabatic coherent collective response of the system to an applied field.
We consider a one-dimensional interacting Bose-Fermi mixture with equal masses of bosons and fermions, and with equal and repulsive interactions between Bose-Fermi and Bose-Bose particles. Such a system can be realized in experiments with ultracold boson and fermion isotopes in optical lattices. We use the Bethe-ansatz technique to find the ground state energy at zero temperature for any value of interaction strength and density ratio between bosons and fermions. We prove that the mixture is always stable against demixing. Combining exact solution with the local density approximation, we calculate density profiles and collective oscillation modes in a harmonic trap. In the strongly interating regime, we use exact wave functions to calculate correlation functions for bosons and fermions under periodic boundary conditions.
Nonlinear real-time response of interacting particles is studied on the example of a one-dimensional tight-binding model of spinless fermions driven by electric field. Using equations of motion and numerical methods we show that for a nonintegrable case at finite temperatures the major effect of nonlinearity can be taken into account within the linear response formalism extended by a renormalization of the kinetic energy due to the Joule heating. On the other hand, integrable systems show on constant driving a different universality with a damped oscillating current whereby the frequency is related but not equal to the Bloch oscillations.
This chapter gives an introduction to the physics of interacting quantum systems, both bosonic and fermionic. Section 1.2 introduces the physics of quantum particles in periodic lattices. Section 1.3 examines, for the case of bosons, how the combined effects of lattice and interaction can turn the system into an insulator, the so-called Mott insulator, and discusses the corresponding physics. Section 1.4 discusses what happens when the system is one-dimensional. Section 1.5 moves on to the case of fermions. It discusses first Fermi-liquid theory and the concept of quasi-particles, Landau’s description of the low-energy excitations of interacting fermion systems. Section 1.6 shows how, like the method for bosons, the combination of a lattice and strong interactions can turn a Fermi liquid into a Mott insulator. Section 1.7 looks at the properties of one-dimensional fermions, shows how Fermi liquid theory fails because low-energy excitations are now collective modes instead of quasi-particles, and examines the corresponding physics for both the conducting and insulating phases. Finally, Section 1.8 draws some conclusions and give some perspectives.
We investigate theoretically the behavior of a one-dimensional interacting Bose-Fermi mixture with equal masses and equal repulsive interactions between atoms at finite temperature in the scheme of thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. Combining the Yang-Yang thermodynamic formalism with local-density approximation in a harmonic trap, we calculate the density distribution of bosons and fermions numerically by treating the radially and axially excited states as discrete and continuous ones, respectively. Our result from exactly solvable solutions may be used as a touchstone for one-dimensional interacting Bose-Fermi mixture for experimental data fitting where mean-field theoretical approaches fail.