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arXiv:1003.4956 · Nature Physics

Many-body Landau–Zener dynamics in coupled one-dimensional Bose liquids

Yu-Ao Chen, Sebastian D. Huber, Stefan Trotzky, Immanuel Bloch, Ehud Altman

Published Oct 17, 2010• 139 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/nphys1801

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The purpose of this article is to address the dynamics of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate confined in coupled one-dimensional Landau-Zener arrays under the influence of disorder and harmonic confinement. In particular, we concentrate in studying the interplay of disorder and interparticle interaction on the transfer of atoms depending on the speed of Landau-Zener sweeps. A dynamical phase diagram summarizing the final situation across ground state and inverse sweeps is given in terms of the effect of disorder, interaction, and the speed of the sweeps.
We explore the asymmetric sequential Landau-Zener (LZ) dynamics in an ensemble of interacting Bose-condensed two-level atoms coupled with a cavity field. Assuming the couplings between all atoms and the cavity field are identical, the interplay between atom-atom interaction and detuning may lead to a series of LZ transitions. Unlike the conventional sequential LZ transitions, which are symmetric to the zero detuning, the LZ transitions of Bose-condensed atoms in a cavity field are asymmetric and sensitively depend on the photon number distribution of the cavity. In LZ processes involving single excitation numbers, both the variance of the relative atom number and the step slope of the sequential population ladder are asymmetric, and the asymmetry becomes more significant for smaller excitation numbers. Furthermore, in LZ processes involving multiple excitation numbers, there may appear asymmetric population ladders with decreasing step heights. During a dynamical LZ process, due to the atom-cavity coupling, the cavity field shows dynamical collapses and revivals. In comparison with the symmetric LZ transitions in a classical field, the asymmetric LZ transitions in a cavity field originate from the photon-number-dependent Rabi frequency. The asymmetric sequential LZ dynamics of Bose-condensed atoms in a cavity field may open up a way to explore the fundamental many-body physics in coupled atom-photon systems.