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arXiv:1003.4761 · Applied Optics

Frequency doubled 1534 nm laser system for potassium laser cooling

Guillaume Stern, Baptiste Allard, Martin Robert-De-Saint-Vincent, Jean-Philippe Brantut, Baptiste Battelier, Thomas Bourdel, Philippe Bouyer

Published May 26, 2010• 26 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We demonstrate a compact laser source suitable for trapping and cooling potassium. By frequency doubling a fiber laser diode at 1534 nm in a waveguide, we produce 767 nm laser light. A current modulation of the diode allows us to generate the two required frequencies for cooling in a simple and robust apparatus. We successfully used this laser source to trap K39.

DOI
10.1364/ao.49.003092

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We demonstrate a compact laser source suitable for trapping and cooling potassium. By frequency doubling a fiber laser diode at 1534 nm in a waveguide, we produce 767 nm laser light. A current modulation of the diode allows us to generate the two required frequencies for cooling in a simple and robust apparatus. We successfully used this laser source to trap K39.
We have fabricated an rf ion trap and laser-cooling light sources to observe shelving transition in a single calcium ion. All the radiation required for laser cooling and observation of the transition can be prepared with diode lasers in this system. Continuous-wave radiation at 397 nm for laser cooling was generated by frequency doubling of a GaAlAs laser in an external enhancement cavity. As a preliminary experiment for observing the shelving transition, laser cooling of one hundred calcium ions was demonstrated using this radiation and another diode laser.
We describe a compact and versatile multi-frequency laser system for laser-cooling potassium atoms by frequency doubling a fiber-optic telecom beam (≃1534 or 1540 nm). Low-power fiber-based telecom lasers and components generate a single beam containing the cooling and repumper half frequencies, subsequently amplified by a high-power amplifier. A final free-space second-harmonic generation stage provides a single beam with typically 2.5 W at quasi-resonant frequencies (≃767 or 770 nm) with high-quality mode and ready for laser cooling. This allowed us to trap up to 4×109 41K atoms with fast loading times (2.5 s) at sub-Doppler temperatures of 16 μK. This opens promising perspectives toward versatile and transportable ultracold atom setups.
We demonstrate laser cooling of trapped beryllium ions at 313 nm using a frequency-doubled extended cavity diode laser operated at 626 nm, obtained by cooling a ridge waveguide diode laser chip to -31°C. Up to 32 mW of narrowband 626 nm laser radiation is obtained. After passage through an optical isolator and beam shaping optics, 14 mW of 626 nm power remains of which 70% is coupled into an external enhancement cavity containing a nonlinear crystal for second-harmonic generation. We produce up to 35 μW of 313 nm radiation, which is subsequently used to laser cool and detect 6×10(2) beryllium ions, stored in a linear Paul trap, to a temperature of about 10 mK, as evidenced by the formation of Coulomb crystals. Our setup offers a simple and affordable alternative for Doppler cooling, optical pumping, and detection to presently used laser systems.
A new laser system is developed to laser cool rubidium atoms based on frequency doubling of a 1560 nm fiber bench. The use of telecom components gives a reliable and compact system robust compare to environmental perturbations. The laser system is validated by realizing a rubidium magneto-optical trap and an optical molasses. The laser system should find applications for onboard cold atoms experiments like inertial captors or atomic clocks. It is concluded that this laser system can also address potassium atoms which have a laser cooling wavelength of 767 nm.
In conclusion, we have developed a new laser system to laser cool rubidium atoms based on frequency doubling of a 1560 nm fiber bench. The use of telecom components gives us a reliable and compact system robust compare to environmental perturbations. Our laser system should find applications for onboard cold atoms experiments like inertial captors or atomic clocks. For example, our laser could be used in matter wave interferometers in space like the project ICE supported by CNES. We should also point out that our laser system can also address potassium atoms which have a laser cooling wavelength of 767 nm.
The development of an all-solid-state systems of lasers is described for the cooling and probing of strontium ions in a radio-frequency (rf) trap. The Sr+ ions created within the rf trap are laser cooled by repeated cycling on the 422 nm 2S1/2 - 2P1/2 resonance transition. The 422 nm light was generated from a single mode 70 mW 844 nm diode laser, whose output was frequency doubled to 422 nm in a KNbO3 crystal inside a resonant enhancement cavity. Decays from the Sr+ upper resonance level into the 2D3/2 metastable state remove ions from the cooling cycle. This loss was prevented by driving the 1092 nm 2D3/2 - 2P1/2 transition using a Nd3+-doped fiber laser, diode-pumped at 826 nm. The 2S1/2 - 2D5/2 optical 'clock' transition at 674 nm has a natural linewidth of 0.4 Hz and may be probed with an AlGaInP laser diode. The laser diodes at 844 nm and 674 nm are both collimated using a piezo-mounted GRIN rod which also provides longitudinal mode selection. The spectral output is optically narrowed using resonant optical feedback.