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arXiv:0910.0729 · Laser Spectroscopy

ENTANGLEMENT OF TWO INDIVIDUAL ATOMS USING THE RYDBERG BLOCKADE

Antoine Browaeys, Alpha Gaétan, Tatjana Wilk, Charles Evellin, Janik Wolters, Y. Miroshnychenko, Philippe Grangier, P. Pillet, D. Comparat, Amodsen Chotia, Matthieu Viteau

Published Feb 1, 2010• 1 citation
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Abstract

We report on our recent progress on the manipulation of single rubidium atoms trapped in optical tweezers and the generation of entanglement between two atoms, each individually trapped in neighboring tweezers. To create an entangled state of two atoms in their ground states, we make use of the Rydberg blockade mechanism. The degree of entanglement is measured using global rotations of the internal states of both atoms. Such internal state rotations on a single atom are demonstrated with a high fidelity.

DOI
10.1142/9789814282345_0006

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We report on our recent progress on the manipulation of single rubidium atoms trapped in optical tweezers and the generation of entanglement between two atoms, each individually trapped in neighboring tweezers. To create an entangled state of two atoms in their ground states, we make use of the Rydberg blockade mechanism. The degree of entanglement is measured using global rotations of the internal states of both atoms. Such internal state rotations on a single atom are demonstrated with a high fidelity.
We report the generation of entanglement between two individual 87Rb atoms in hyperfine ground states |F=1,M=1> and |F=2,M=2> which are held in two optical tweezers separated by 4 microm. Our scheme relies on the Rydberg blockade effect which prevents the simultaneous excitation of the two atoms to a Rydberg state. The entangled state is generated in about 200 ns using pulsed two-photon excitation. We quantify the entanglement by applying global Raman rotations on both atoms. We measure that 61% of the initial pairs of atoms are still present at the end of the entangling sequence. These pairs are in the target entangled state with a fidelity of 0.75.
Making use of the Rydberg blockade, we generate entanglement between two atoms individually trapped in two optical tweezers. In this paper, we detail the analysis of the data and show that we can determine the amount of entanglement between the atoms in the presence of atom losses during the entangling sequence. Our model takes into account states outside the qubit basis and allows us to perform a partial reconstruction of the density matrix describing the two-atom state. With this method, we extract the amount of entanglement between pairs of atoms still trapped after the entangling sequence and measure the fidelity with respect to the expected Bell state. We find a fidelity F pairs =0.74(7) for the 62% of atom pairs remaining in the traps at the end of the entangling sequence.
This paper summarizes our recent progress towards using single rubidium atoms trapped in an optical tweezer to encode quantum information. We demonstrate single qubit rotations on this system and measure the coherence of the qubit. We move the quantum bit over distances of tens of microns and show that the coherence is reserved. We also transfer a qubit atom between two tweezers and show no loss of coherence. Finally, we describe our progress towards conditional entanglement of two atoms by photon emission and two-photon interferences.
We present an entanglement scheme for Rydberg atoms using the van der Waals interaction phase induced by Ramsey-type pulsed interactions. This scheme realizes not only controlled phase operations between atoms at a distance larger than Rydberg blockade distance, but also various counterintuitive entanglement examples, including two-atom entanglement in the presence of a closer third atom and W-state generation for three partially blockaded atoms. Experimental realization is conducted with single rubidium atoms in optical tweezer dipole traps, to demonstrate the proposed entanglement generations with an entanglement fidelity of F=0.59±0.11.