Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0909.4762 · Physical Review A

Deterministic photon-photon SWAP gate using a Λ system

Kazuki Koshino, Satoshi Ishizaka, Yasunobu Nakamura

Published Jul 15, 2010• 127 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We theoretically present a method to realize a deterministic photon-photon $\sqrt{\text{SWAP}}$ gate using a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system interacting with single photons in reflection geometry. The $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system is used completely passively as a temporary memory for a photonic qubit; the initial state of the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system may be arbitrary, and active control by auxiliary fields is unnecessary throughout the gate operations. These distinct merits make this entangling gate suitable for deterministic and scalable quantum computation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.010301

Related papers

Demonstration of a passive photon-atom swap gate

Orel Bechler, Adrien Borne, Serge Rosenblum +12 more

Deterministic quantum interactions between single photons and single quantum emitters are a vital building block towards the distribution of quantum information between remote systems. Deterministic photon-atom state transfer has been demonstrated by using protocols that include active feedback or synchronized control pulses. Here we demonstrate a completely passive swap gate between the states of a single photon and a single atom. The underlying mechanism is single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT) - an interference-based effect in which a photonic qubit deterministically controls the state of a material qubit encoded in the two ground states of a Λ system, and vice versa. Using a nanofiber-coupled microsphere resonator coupled to single Rb atoms we swap a photonic qubit into the atom and back, demonstrating nonclassical fidelities in both directions. Requiring no control fields or feedback protocol, the gate takes place automatically at the timescale of the atom's cavity- enhanced spontaneous emission time. Applicable to any waveguide-coupled Λ system, this scheme provides a versatile building block for the modular scaling up of quantum information processing systems.

arXiv:1711.10974•Nov 29, 2017•0 citations

Realization of Quantum SWAP Gate Using Photonic Integrated Passive and Electro-optically Active Components

Shahram Mohammadnejad, Anahita KhodadadKashi

We report on the theoretical design and simulation of a photonic quantum circuit that operates as a single-photon, two-qubit swap gate. In this approach, the circuit is implemented in Titanium indiffused LiNbO3 channel waveguides, and polarization and spatial encoding are utilized to realize the qubits. A set of basic components comprising a dual periodically poled waveguide for two simultaneous Type-0 and Type-I non-linear interactions, as well as the passive routing and active electro-optically controllable devices, are the main building blocks in this circuit. Simulations are carried out by making use of the numerical beam propagation method incorporated within RSoft program package.

Fiber & Integrated Optics•Mar 1, 2019•4 citations

Demonstration of Deterministic and Passive Photon-Atom SWAP Quantum Gate

Adrien Borne, Orel Bechler, Serge Rosenblum +12 more

Using single-photon Raman interaction, we demonstrate a deterministic and passive SWAP gate and quantum memory between the states of a single photon and a single 87Rb atom coupled to high-Q microresonator.

Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)•Jan 1, 2017•2 citations

Analysis of Photonic Quantum Nodes Based on Deterministic One-Photon Raman Interaction

Serge Rosenblum, Barak Dayan

The long-standing goal of deterministically controlling a single photon using another was recently realized in various experimental settings. Among these, a particularly attractive demonstration relied on deterministic one-photon Raman interaction in a three-level Lambda system coupled to a single-mode waveguide. Beyond the ability to control the direction of propagation of one photon by the direction of another photon, this scheme can also perform as a passive quantum memory and a universal quantum gate. Relying on interference, this all-optical, coherent scheme requires no additional control fields, and can therefore form the basis for scalable quantum networks composed of passive quantum nodes that interact with each other only with single photon pulses. Here we present an analytical and numerical study of deterministic one-photon Raman interaction, and characterise its limitations and the parameters for optimal operation. Specifically, we study the effect of losses and the presence of multiple excited states. In both cases we discuss strategies for restoring the high fidelity of the device's operation.

•Dec 1, 2014•0 citations

Deterministic photon-atom and photon-photon interactions based on single-photon Raman interaction

Orel Bechler, Serge Rosenblum, Itay Shomroni +3 more

We demonstrate a passive scheme for deterministic interactions between a single photon and a single atom. Relying on single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT), this control-fields free scheme swaps a flying qubit, encoded in the two possible input modes of a photon, with a stationary qubit, encoded in the two ground states of the atom, and can be also harnessed to perform universal quantum gates. Using SPRINT we experimentally demonstrated all-optical switching of single photons by single photons, and deterministic extraction of a single photon from an optical pulse. Applicable to any atom-like Lambda system, SPRINT provides a versatile building block for scalable quantum networks based on completely passive nodes interconnected and activated solely by single photons.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 8, 2016•0 citations

Quantum memory and gates using a Λ -type quantum emitter coupled to a chiral waveguide

Tao Li, Adam Miranowicz, Xuedong Hu +2 more

By coupling a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type quantum emitter to a chiral waveguide, in which the polarization of a photon is locked to its propagation direction, we propose a controllable photon-emitter interface for quantum networks. We show that this chiral system enables the swap gate and a hybrid-entangling gate between the emitter and a flying single photon. It also allows deterministic storage and retrieval of single-photon states with high fidelities and efficiencies. In short, this chirally coupled emitter-photon interface can be a critical building block toward a large-scale quantum network.

arXiv:1803.05626•Physical Review A•Jun 11, 2018•92 citations
We theoretically present a method to realize a deterministic photon-photon SWAP\sqrt{\text{SWAP}}SWAP​ gate using a three-level \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ system interacting with single photons in reflection geometry. The \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ system is used completely passively as a temporary memory for a photonic qubit; the initial state of the \ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ system may be arbitrary, and active control by auxiliary fields is unnecessary throughout the gate operations. These distinct merits make this entangling gate suitable for deterministic and scalable quantum computation.
Deterministic quantum interactions between single photons and single quantum emitters are a vital building block towards the distribution of quantum information between remote systems. Deterministic photon-atom state transfer has been demonstrated by using protocols that include active feedback or synchronized control pulses. Here we demonstrate a completely passive swap gate between the states of a single photon and a single atom. The underlying mechanism is single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT) - an interference-based effect in which a photonic qubit deterministically controls the state of a material qubit encoded in the two ground states of a Λ system, and vice versa. Using a nanofiber-coupled microsphere resonator coupled to single Rb atoms we swap a photonic qubit into the atom and back, demonstrating nonclassical fidelities in both directions. Requiring no control fields or feedback protocol, the gate takes place automatically at the timescale of the atom's cavity- enhanced spontaneous emission time. Applicable to any waveguide-coupled Λ system, this scheme provides a versatile building block for the modular scaling up of quantum information processing systems.
We report on the theoretical design and simulation of a photonic quantum circuit that operates as a single-photon, two-qubit swap gate. In this approach, the circuit is implemented in Titanium indiffused LiNbO3 channel waveguides, and polarization and spatial encoding are utilized to realize the qubits. A set of basic components comprising a dual periodically poled waveguide for two simultaneous Type-0 and Type-I non-linear interactions, as well as the passive routing and active electro-optically controllable devices, are the main building blocks in this circuit. Simulations are carried out by making use of the numerical beam propagation method incorporated within RSoft program package.
The long-standing goal of deterministically controlling a single photon using another was recently realized in various experimental settings. Among these, a particularly attractive demonstration relied on deterministic one-photon Raman interaction in a three-level Lambda system coupled to a single-mode waveguide. Beyond the ability to control the direction of propagation of one photon by the direction of another photon, this scheme can also perform as a passive quantum memory and a universal quantum gate. Relying on interference, this all-optical, coherent scheme requires no additional control fields, and can therefore form the basis for scalable quantum networks composed of passive quantum nodes that interact with each other only with single photon pulses. Here we present an analytical and numerical study of deterministic one-photon Raman interaction, and characterise its limitations and the parameters for optimal operation. Specifically, we study the effect of losses and the presence of multiple excited states. In both cases we discuss strategies for restoring the high fidelity of the device's operation.
We demonstrate a passive scheme for deterministic interactions between a single photon and a single atom. Relying on single-photon Raman interaction (SPRINT), this control-fields free scheme swaps a flying qubit, encoded in the two possible input modes of a photon, with a stationary qubit, encoded in the two ground states of the atom, and can be also harnessed to perform universal quantum gates. Using SPRINT we experimentally demonstrated all-optical switching of single photons by single photons, and deterministic extraction of a single photon from an optical pulse. Applicable to any atom-like Lambda system, SPRINT provides a versatile building block for scalable quantum networks based on completely passive nodes interconnected and activated solely by single photons.
By coupling a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type quantum emitter to a chiral waveguide, in which the polarization of a photon is locked to its propagation direction, we propose a controllable photon-emitter interface for quantum networks. We show that this chiral system enables the swap gate and a hybrid-entangling gate between the emitter and a flying single photon. It also allows deterministic storage and retrieval of single-photon states with high fidelities and efficiencies. In short, this chirally coupled emitter-photon interface can be a critical building block toward a large-scale quantum network.