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arXiv:0908.1518

Study of the Nonequilibrium Critical Quenching and Annealing Dynamics for the Long-Range Ising Model

D. E. Rodríguez, M. A. Bab, Ezequiel Vicente Albano

Published Aug 11, 2009• 1 citation
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Abstract

Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are employed in order to study the dynamic critical behavior of the one-dimensional Ising magnet, with algebraically decaying long-range interactions of the form $\frac{1}{r^{d+σ}}$, with $σ=0.75$. The critical temperature, as well as the critical exponents, is evaluated from the power-law behavior of suitable physical observables when the system is quenched from uncorrelated states, corresponding to infinite temperature, to the critical point. These results are compared with those obtained from the dynamic evolution of the system when it is suddenly annealed at the critical point from the ordered state. Also, the critical temperature in the infinite interaction limit is obtained by means of a finite-range scaling analysis of data measured with different cutoffs of the interaction range. All the estimated static critical exponents ($γ/ν$, $β/ν$, and $1/ν$) are in good agreement with Renormalization Group (RG) predictions and previously reported numerical data obtained under equilibrium conditions. It is found that the dynamic exponent $z$ is different for quenching and annealing experiments, most likely due to the influence of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition occurring at relatively similar algebraic decay of the interactions with $σ=1$. However, for annealing experiments the measured exponent $z$ is close to the RG predictions. On the other hand, the relevant exponents of the dynamic behavior ($z$ and $θ$) are slightly different than the RG predictions, most likely due to the fact that they may depend on the especific dynamics used (Metropolis in the present paper).

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0908.1518

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Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are employed in order to study the dynamic critical behavior of the one-dimensional Ising magnet, with algebraically decaying long-range interactions of the form 1rd+σ\frac{1}{r^{d+σ}}rd+σ1​, with σ=0.75σ=0.75σ=0.75. The critical temperature, as well as the critical exponents, is evaluated from the power-law behavior of suitable physical observables when the system is quenched from uncorrelated states, corresponding to infinite temperature, to the critical point. These results are compared with those obtained from the dynamic evolution of the system when it is suddenly annealed at the critical point from the ordered state. Also, the critical temperature in the infinite interaction limit is obtained by means of a finite-range scaling analysis of data measured with different cutoffs of the interaction range. All the estimated static critical exponents (γ/νγ/νγ/ν, β/νβ/νβ/ν, and 1/ν1/ν1/ν) are in good agreement with Renormalization Group (RG) predictions and previously reported numerical data obtained under equilibrium conditions. It is found that the dynamic exponent zzz is different for quenching and annealing experiments, most likely due to the influence of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition occurring at relatively similar algebraic decay of the interactions with σ=1σ=1σ=1. However, for annealing experiments the measured exponent zzz is close to the RG predictions. On the other hand, the relevant exponents of the dynamic behavior (zzz and θθθ) are slightly different than the RG predictions, most likely due to the fact that they may depend on the especific dynamics used (Metropolis in the present paper).
Extensive Monte Carlo simulations are employed in order to study the dynamic critical behaviour of the one-dimensional Ising magnet, with algebraically decaying long-range interactions of the form 1/rd + σ, with σ = 0.75. The critical temperature, as well as the critical exponents, are evaluated from the power-law behaviour of suitable physical observables when the system is quenched from uncorrelated states, corresponding to infinite temperature, to the critical point. These results are compared with those obtained from the dynamic evolution of the system when it is annealed at the critical point from the ordered state. Also, the critical temperature in the infinite interaction limit is obtained by means of a finite-range scaling analysis of data measured with different truncated interaction ranges. All the estimated static critical exponents (γ/ν, β/ν, and 1/ν) are in good agreement with renormalization group (RG) results and previously reported numerical data obtained under equilibrium conditions. On the other hand, the dynamic exponent of the initial increase of the magnetization (θ) was close to RG predictions. However, the dynamic exponent z of the time correlation length is slightly different to the RG results probably due to the fact that it may depend on the specific dynamics used or because the two-loop expansion used in the RG analysis may be insufficient.
We study the phase diagram and critical properties of quantum Ising chains with long-range ferromagnetic interactions decaying in a power-law fashion with exponent α \\alpha , in regimes of direct interest for current trapped ion experiments. Using large-scale path integral Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate both the ground-state and the nonzero-temperature regimes. We identify the phase boundary of the ferromagnetic phase and obtain accurate estimates for the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition temperatures. We further determine the critical exponents of the respective transitions. Our results are in agreement with existing predictions for interaction exponents α > 1 \\alpha > 1 up to small deviations in some critical exponents. We also address the elusive regime α < 1 \\alpha < 1 , where we find that the universality class of both the ground-state and nonzero-temperature transition is consistent with the mean-field limit at α = 0 \\alpha = 0 . Our work not only contributes to the understanding of the equilibrium properties of long-range interacting quantum Ising models, but can also be important for addressing fundamental dynamical aspects, such as issues concerning the open question of thermalization in such models.
We explore the critical properties of the recently discovered finite-time dynamical phase transition in the nonequilibrium relaxation of Ising magnets after a temperature quench. The transition is characterized by a sudden switch in the relaxation dynamics and it occurs at a sharp critical time. While previous works have focused either on mean-field interactions or on investigating the critical time, we analyze the critical fluctuations at the phase transition in the nearest-neighbor Ising model on a square lattice using Monte Carlo simulations. By means of a finite-size scaling analysis, we extract the critical exponents for the transition. In two spatial dimensions, we find that the exponents are consistent with those of the two-dimensional Ising universality class when the system is initially in the vicinity of the critical point. For initial temperatures below the critical one, however, the critical exponents differ from the Ising-exponents, indicating a distinct dynamical critical phenomenon.
We study the critical behavior of the Ising model in three dimensions on a lattice with site disorder by using Monte Carlo simulations. The disorder is either uncorrelated or long-range correlated with correlation function that decays according to a power law ${r}^{\ensuremath{-}a}$. We derive the critical exponent of the correlation length $\ensuremath{\nu}$ and the confluent correction exponent $\ensuremath{\omega}$ in dependence of aaa by combining different concentrations of defects $0.05\ensuremath{\le}{p}_{d}\ensuremath{\le}0.4$ into one global fit ansatz and applying finite-size scaling techniques. We simulate and study a wide range of different correlation exponents $1.5\ensuremath{\le}a\ensuremath{\le}3.5$ as well as the uncorrelated case $a=\ensuremath{\infty}$ and are able to provide a global picture not yet known from previous works. Additionally, we perform a dedicated analysis of our long-range correlated disorder ensembles and provide estimates for the critical temperatures of the system in dependence of the correlation exponent aaa and the concentration of defects pd{p}_{d}pd​. We compare our results to known results from other works and to the conjecture of Weinrib and Halperin: $\ensuremath{\nu}=2/a$, and discuss the occurring deviations.
We perform a numerical study of the long-range (LR) ferromagnetic Ising model with power law decaying interactions (J∝r{-d-σ}) on both a one-dimensional chain (d=1) and a square lattice (d=2). We use advanced cluster algorithms to avoid the critical slowing down. We first check the validity of the relation connecting the critical behavior of the LR model with parameters (d,σ) to that of a short-range (SR) model in an equivalent dimension D. We then study the critical behavior of the d=2 LR model close to the lower critical σ, uncovering that the spatial correlation function decays with two different power laws: The effect of the subdominant power law is much stronger than finite-size effects and actually makes the estimate of critical exponents very subtle. By including this subdominant power law, the numerical data are consistent with the standard renormalization group (RG) prediction by Sak [Phys. Rev. B 8, 281 (1973)], thus making not necessary (and unlikely, according to Occam's razor) the recent proposal by Picco [arXiv:1207.1018] of having a new set of RG fixed points in addition to the mean-field one and the SR one.
Long-range interacting spin systems are ubiquitous in physics and exhibit a variety of ground-state disorder-to-order phase transitions. We consider a prototype of infinite-range interacting models known as the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model describing the collective interaction of N spins and investigate the dynamical properties of fluctuations and correlations after a sudden quench of the Hamiltonian. Specifically, we focus on critical quenches, where the initial state and/or the postquench Hamiltonian are critical. Depending on the type of quench, we identify three distinct behaviors where both the short-time dynamics and the stationary state at long times are effectively thermal, quantum, and genuinely nonequilibrium, characterized by distinct universality classes and static and dynamical critical exponents. These behaviors can be identified by an infrared effective temperature that is finite, zero, and infinite (the latter scaling with the system size as N^{1/3}), respectively. The quench dynamics is studied through a combination of exact numerics and analytical calculations utilizing the nonequilibrium Keldysh field theory. Our results are amenable to realization in experiments with trapped-ion experiments where long-range interactions naturally arise.