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arXiv:0907.1595 · AIP conference proceedings

Soliton solutions of the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation by a potential control method

Renato Fedele, Bengt Eliasson, Fernando Haas, P. K. Shukla, Dušan Jovanović, Sergio M. De Nicola, Bengt Eliasson, Padma Kant Shukla

Published Jan 1, 2010• 4 citations
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Abstract

We present a class of three‐dimensional solitary waves solutions of the Gross‐Pitaevskii (GP) equation, which governs the dynamics of Bose‐Einstein condensates (BECs). By imposing an external controlling potential, a desired time‐dependent shape of the localized BEC excitation is obtained. The stability of some obtained localized solutions is checked by solving the time‐dependent GP equation numerically with analytic solutions as initial conditions. The analytic solutions can be used to design external potentials to control the localized BECs in experiment.

DOI
10.1063/1.3533194

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We present a class of three‐dimensional solitary waves solutions of the Gross‐Pitaevskii (GP) equation, which governs the dynamics of Bose‐Einstein condensates (BECs). By imposing an external controlling potential, a desired time‐dependent shape of the localized BEC excitation is obtained. The stability of some obtained localized solutions is checked by solving the time‐dependent GP equation numerically with analytic solutions as initial conditions. The analytic solutions can be used to design external potentials to control the localized BECs in experiment.
The results of recently developed investigations, that have been carried out within the framework of the controlling potential method (CPM), are reviewed. This method allows one to decompose a three dimensional (3D) Gross‐Pitaevskii equation (GPE) into the pair of coupled Schrödinger‐type equations. Under suitable mathematical conditions, the solutions of the 3D controlled GPE can be constructed from the solutions of a 2D linear Schrödinger equation (the transverse component of the GPE) coupled with a 1D nonlinear Schrödinger equation (the longitudinal component of the GPE). Such decomposition allows one to cast the solutions in the form of the product of the solutions of the transverse and the longitudinal components of the GPE. The coupling between these two equations is the functional of both the transverse and the longitudinal profiles. It is shown that the CPM can be used to obtain a new class of three‐dimensional solitary waves solutions of the GPE, which governs the dynamics of Bose‐Einstein condensates. By imposing an external controlling potential, the desired time‐dependent shape of the localized BECs is obtained. The stability of the exact solutions was checked with direct simulations of the time ‐dependent, three‐dimensional GPE. Our simulations show that the localized condensates are stable with respect to perturbed initial conditions.
A method for filtering and controlling soliton states of the Bose-Einstein condensate is presented. The analysis is carried out by considering the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation with appropriate confining potential wells. Suitable matching conditions, which are relevant for filtering and mantaining localized states in experiments, are established and exact controlled analytical solutions of the 3D GP equation are found and compared with the approximate ones obtained with variational approches.
To analytically investigate the matter-wave solitons of Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in time-dependent complex potential, we consider a cubic-quintic Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation with distributed coefficients and a dissipative term. By introducing a suitable ansatz, we establish the criterion of the modulational instability (MI) of the system and present an explicit expression for the growth rate of a purely growing MI. Effects of the parabolic background potential, as well as of the linear potential, the gain/loss parameter, and the two- and three-body interatomic interactions on the MI are investigated. We show how the feeding/loss parameter can be well used to control the instability of the system. The analytical resolution of the considered GP equation leads to exact bright, dark and kink solitary wave solutions which are used to investigate analytically the dynamics of matter-wave solitons in BECs under consideration. These analytical investigations show that the amplitude and the motion of bright, dark and kink solitary waves depend on the strengths of the two- and three-body interatomic interactions, as well as on the strengths of the external trapping potential and the parameter of the gain/loss of atoms in the condensate.
The evolution of traveling and solitary waves in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with a time-dependent scattering length in an attractive/repulsive parabolic potential is studied. The homogeneous balance principle and the F-expansion technique are used to solve the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with time-varying coefficients. We obtained three classes of new exact traveling wave and localized solutions. Our results demonstrate that the BEC solitary wave solutions can be manipulated and controlled by the time-dependent scattering length.
We consider the one-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation, which governs the dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) matter waves with time-dependent scattering length and a harmonic trapping potential. We present the integrable condition for the one-dimensional GP equation and obtain the exact analytical solution which describes the modulational instability and the propagation of a bright solitary wave on a continuous wave (cw) background. Moreover, by employing the adiabatic perturbation theory for a bright soliton, we obtain approximative bright solitary wave solutions under near-integrable conditions. Both the exact and approximative solutions show that the amplitude of a bright solitary wave with zero boundary condition depends on the scattering length while its motion depends on the external trapping potential.
Abstract In this work, we consider the generalized cubic–quintic dissipative Gross–Pitaevskii equation, which governs the dynamics of matter wave solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates with two- and three-body interatomic interactions in a spatiotemporal-dependent dissipative potential consisting of parabolic, linear, and complex terms. By using the ansatz method, the modulational instability and gray, kink, and bright soliton solutions are presented under certain parametric conditions. We found that the complex potential, related to the feeding or the loss of atoms by the condensates seriously modifies the instability and stability domain, while the linear potential has not effect on the stability of the system. With the use of exact analytical soliton-like solutions, we investigate analytically the solitons control system, and the results show that the soliton control system may relax the limitations to parametric conditions. We found that the motion of matter wave solitons in the systems can be manipulated by controlling both the external harmonic and linear trapping potentials. We have established that the amplitude of the matter wave solitons keep no change in propagating in the system though the total number of the condensate atoms decreases (increases) when the condensate losses (gains) atoms. We also showed that the three-body interatomic interactions is responsible of the soliton compression. Our results also revealed that the found exact soliton-like solutions can be used to describe the compression of matter wave solitons in BEC system with loss of atoms.