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arXiv:0907.1333 · Optics Communications

Demonstrating mesoscopic superpositions in double-well Bose–Einstein condensates

Tania J. Haigh, Andrew J. Ferris, M. K. Olsen

Published May 11, 2010• 26 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2010.04.067

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In a parameter regime for which the mean-field (Gross-Pitaevskii) dynamics becomes chaotic, mesoscopic quantum superpositions in phase space can occur in a double-well potential, which is shaken periodically. For experimentally realistic initial states, such as the ground state of some 100 atoms, the emergence of mesoscopic quantum superpositions in phase space is investigated numerically. It is shown to be reproducible, even if the initial conditions change slightly. Although the final state is not a perfect superposition of two distinct phase states, the superposition is reached an order of magnitude faster than in the case of the collapse-and-revival phenomenon. Furthermore, a generator of entanglement is identified.
For a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential, time-periodic shaking can lead to the emergence of non-classical mesoscopic superpositions on very short timescales. It is suggested to experimentally detect these deviations from mean-field (Gross–Pitaevskii) behaviour by investigating both the variance of the particle number and the interference pattern. The disappearance of the interference pattern followed by its reappearance a short time later could serve as an experimental signature of mesoscopic entanglement.