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arXiv:0907.1062 · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Entanglement of unstable atoms: modifications of the emission properties

Pedro Sancho, Luis Plaja

Published Jul 27, 2009• 11 citations
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Abstract

We analyse the influence of entanglement on the emission properties of atoms. To this end, first, we propose a scheme for the preparation of a pair of entangled Helium atoms, one in the ortho and the other in the para spin configuration. We discuss a realistic scenario for this process, based in the double ionization of He by intense laser fields. These states are used to analyse disentanglement and the role of entanglement in the spontaneous emission from the pair. In particular, we show that the decaying rate of an entangled atom is different from that in a product state, modifying the temporal emission distribution and lifetime of the atoms.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/42/16/165008

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We analyse the influence of entanglement on the emission properties of atoms. To this end, first, we propose a scheme for the preparation of a pair of entangled Helium atoms, one in the ortho and the other in the para spin configuration. We discuss a realistic scenario for this process, based in the double ionization of He by intense laser fields. These states are used to analyse disentanglement and the role of entanglement in the spontaneous emission from the pair. In particular, we show that the decaying rate of an entangled atom is different from that in a product state, modifying the temporal emission distribution and lifetime of the atoms.
T. Tanabe et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 040101(R) (2010)] have experimentally demonstrated that the emission properties of unstable atoms in entangled and product states are different. The authors define an apparent decay time as a fitting parameter which falls below the lifetime of the single atom for entangled pairs. We argue that their results about coincidence time spectra are correct, but those concerning lifetimes cannot be considered conclusive because they assume the emission of photons by the two atoms to be independent processes, a doubtful hypothesis for entangled states. We suggest an improved evaluation of the lifetimes based on a rigorous approach, which demands some modifications of the experimental procedure.
Abstract Entanglement can modify light–matter interaction effects and, conversely, these interactions can change the non-classical correlations present in the system. We present an example where these mutual connections can be discussed in a simple way at the graduate and advanced undergraduate levels. We consider the process of light absorption by multi-atom systems in non-product states, showing first that the absorption rates depend on entanglement. The reverse is also true, absorption processes can generate an hyperentangled atomic state involving in a non-product form both internal and spatial variables. This behavior differs from that of spontaneous emission, which disentangles atomic systems.
In this research, the disentanglement conditions between the coated atom and its spontaneous emission in double- lambda quantum system was investigated. Initially, the entanglement increased due to the interaction between the laser fields and the four- level atom. This entanglement can be controlled by changing the intensity of the applied fields. By applying the two coupling fields, the system is entangled and the system would be disentangled with one coupling field and one probe field. The present research demonstrated that spontaneous emission by changing the population of atoms in the alignments is a good source of entanglement, but fields were manipulated in such a way that this entanglement was reduced by coherent trapping of the population for the atoms.
Several examples that show the relationship between atomic coherence and entanglement productions have been discussed in this paper. The first example shows how atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between two thermal fields at a temperature T ; In the second example, we demonstrate how a cascade correlated spontaneous emission laser can be used as an entanglement amplifier; The last example illustrates how an arbitrary entangled state of two cavity fields can be prepared through atomic coherence. All these examples seem indicate that the two different quantum effects-coherence and entanglement-are closely related.
The effect of spontaneously generated coherence on evolution of the entanglement between a driven four-level Y-type atom and its spontaneous emission field is studied. We have shown that the atom will be entangled to its spontaneous emission field due to spontaneously generated coherence and coherent population trapping at the steady state. It is found that the degree of entanglement strongly depends on the initial atomic state. So, it can be controlled by the pumping laser pulses used for preparing an initial atomic system. More interestingly, the atom–field system can be found in a permanently disentangled state for a properly prepared atom.
The effect of a coupling laser field on the entanglement of a three-level quantum system and its spontaneous emission is investigated via the reduced quantum entropy.We consider two schemes: the upper-and lower-level couplings.By calculating the degree of entanglement (DEM) for both systems, it is shown that the entanglement between the atom and its spontaneous emission can be controlled by the coupling laser field.This field, however, affects the entanglement differently in the two schemes; it is only the lower-level coupling scheme that shows a non-zero steady state DEM which can be controlled by the intensity and detuning of the coupling laser field.